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BIBLICAL MEANINGS
IMPEDIMENTS
TO
SPIRITUAL
VISION
DISTORTED
VISION
as EFFECT
of ORIGINAL
SIN
INABILITY
to SEE
OTHER
EXCEPT
by GRACE
TENDENCY
to BELIEVE
in UNJUST,
JEALOUS
GOD
THE FUNDAMENTALS: VICE and VIRTUE
DISCERNING between the DEMONIC and the ANGELIC (and the HUMAN)
DISCERNING in the SELF and the OTHER
EXAMPLES of CONTEMPLATIVE DISCERNMENT
IGNATIUS of LOYOLA and DISCERNMENT of SPIRITS in the EXERCISES
Theological dictionary of
the New Testament. 1964-c1976.
(G. Kittel, G. W. Bromiley & G. Friedrich,
Ed.) (Vol. 3, Page 949-950). Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans.
LIKE διακρίνειν, this bears several divergent meanings, “separation,” “distinction,” “strife,” “appraisal,” “exposition.”1 In the Septuagint it occurs only at Job 37:16, where the meaning is not clear. In the NT it usually means “differentiation,”
1 Corinthians 12:10 between spirits [of the spirits of the prophets]
. . . [there is given]. . . TO another the working of miracles, to another prophecy, to another the ability to distinguish between spirits, to another various kinds of tongues, to another the interpretation of tongues. ἄλλῳ δὲ ἐνεργήματα δυνάμεων, ἄλλῳ [δὲ] προφητεία, ἄλλῳ [δὲ] διακρίσεις πνευμάτων, ἑτέρῳ γένη γλωσσῶν, ἄλλῳ δὲ ἑρμηνεία γλωσσῶν·
Heb. 5:14 between good and evil.
BUT solid food is for the mature, for those who have their faculties trained by practice to distinguish good from evil. τελείων δέ ἐστιν ἡ στερεὰ τροφή, τῶν διὰ τὴν ἕξιν τὰ αἰσθητήρια γεγυμνασμένα ἐχόντων πρὸς διάκρισιν καλοῦ τε καὶ κακοῦ.
Rev. 14:1: disputes over opinions
AS for the man who is weak in faith, welcome him, but not for disputes over opinions. Τὸν δὲ ἀσθενοῦντα τῇ πίστει προσλαμβάνεσθε, μὴ εἰς διακρίσεις διαλογισμῶν. [N.B. It is best to take διάκρισις here in the sense of “evaluation.”2]
Liddell and Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon.
διακρίνω [ρῑ], fut. -κρῐνῶ, Ep. and Delph. -κρῖνέω Il.2.387, SIG614.8 (ii b.c.):—separate one from another, ὥς τ᾽ αἰπόλια .. αἰπόλοι ἄνδρες ῥεῖα διακρίνωσιν Il.2.475, cf. Hdt.8.114; part combatants, εἰς ὅ κε δαίμων ἄμμε διακρίνῃ Il.7.292, etc.; εἰ μὴ νὺξ .. διακρινέει μένος ἀνδρῶν 2.387; δ φιλέοντε Od.4.179; κρόκην καὶ στήμονας συγκεχυμένους δ. Pl.Cra.388b:—Pass., to be parted, of hair, Plu.Rom.15: more freq. of combatants διακρινθήμεναι (Ep. inf. aor. 1 Pass.) ἤδη Ἀργείους καὶ Τρῶας Il.3.98, cf. 102, 7.306, etc.: also in fut. Med., διακρινέεσθαι Od.18.149, 20.180; διακριθέντες ἐκ τῆς ναυμαχίης Hdt.8.18; διακριθῆναι ἀπ᾽ ἀλλήλων Th.1.105, cf. 3.9; διακρίνεσθαι πρός .. part and join different parties, Id.1.18.
b. Pass., to be divorced, Leg.Gort.2.46.
2. in Philosophy, separate, decompose into elemental parts, opp. συγκρίνω, chiefly in Pass., Anaxag.12, cf. Arist.Metaph.985a28, [Epich.]245, Pl.Phd.71b, Prm.157a, etc.
3. ἄστρων διακρίνει φάη σελάνα prob. sets apart, removes, i.e. outshines, B.8.28.
II. distinguish, καί κ᾽ ἀλαὸς διακρίνειε τὸ σῆμα Od.8.195; οὐδένα δ. without distinction of persons, Hdt.3.39; οὐχὶ δ. τὴν πενιχρὰν ἢ πλουσίαν Diod.Com.2.8: pf. Pass. in med. sense, διακεκρίμεθα τάς τε καθαρὰς ἡδονὰς καὶ .. Pl.Phlb.52c: plpf. in pass. sense, διεκέκριτο οὐδέν no distinction was made, Th.1.49; διακεκριμέναι distinct, varied, B.Fr.24.
III. decide, of judges, ὀρθᾷ δ. φρενί Pi.O.8.24; δ. δίκας Hdt.1.100; διὰ δὲ κρίνουσι θέμιστας Theoc.25.46; also, determine a fever, mark its crisis, Hp.Coac.137; ἡ νοῦσος μάλιστα διακρίνει ἐν οὐδενί has usually no crisis in any patient, Id.Morb.2.71; δ. αἵρεσιν Hdt.1.11; δ. εἰ .. Id.7.54; δ. περί τινος Ar.Av.719:—Med., νεῖκος δ. get it decided, Hes.Op.35; τὸ ζητούμενον Pl.Phlb.46b; decide among yourselves, ταῦτα .. ὅπως ποτ᾽ ἔχει δ. D.32.28:—Pass., bring an issue to decision, ἐπέεσσί γε νηπυτίοισι ὧδε διακρινθέντε Il.20.212; δἴ τινι τᾶν πολίων ῃͅ ἀμφίλλογα, διακριθῆμεν Foed.Dor.ap.Th.5.79; διακριθεῖμεν περί τινος Pl.Euthphr.7c; of combatants, μάχῃ διακριθῆναι πρός τινα Hdt.9.58; πρός τινα ὑπέρ τινος LxxJl.3.(4).2; δ̔́πλοις ἢ λόγοις διακρίνεσθαι Philipp.ap.D.12.7; διακρίνεσθαι περὶ τῶν ὅλων Plb.3.111.2; τινί with one, Ep.Jud.9: abs., PMagd.1.15 (iii b.c.), etc.; also πόλεμος διακριθήσεται Hdt.7.206; of a person, to be judged, Polem.Call.18.
IV. set [a place] apart for holy purposes, Pi.O.10(11).46.
V. interpret a dream, etc., Ph.2.54, Junc.ap.Stob.4.50.95.
VI. question, τοὺς ἰατρούς Arr.Epict.4.1.148.
VII. doubt, hesitate, waver, Act.Ap.11.12 (s.v.l.): usu. in Med. and Pass., μηδὲν διακρινόμενος ib. 10.20; μὴ διακριθῆτε Ev.Matt.21.21, cf. Ep.Rom.4.20.fut. = future
Ep. = Epice, in the Epic dialect
SIG = Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum, ed. W. Dittenberger, editio tertia, Leipzig 1915–24 [Hildesheim 1960]. (SIG2 = editio altera, 1898–1901.)
freq. = frequent, frequently
inf. = infinitive
aor. = aorist
Id. = Idem
Leg.Gort. = Leges Gortynensium (GDI 4991, Schwyzer179).
Anaxagoras Philosophus [Anaxag.]. v b.c.
See entry in Author and Works List for specific works.
prob. = probable, probably
i.e. = id est
Diodorus Comicus [Diod.Com.] iv b.c.
See entry in Author and Works List for specific works.
pf. or perf. = perfect
plpf. = pluperfect
Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus [Theoc.] iii b.c.
See entry in Author and Works List for specific works.
Foed. = Foedus
Dor. = Doric
ap. = apud (quoted in)
Philippides Comicus [Philippid.] iv/iii b.c.
See entry in Author and Works List for specific works.
abs. = absolute, absolutely
PMagd. = Papyrus de Magdola, rééd … par Jean Lesquier, Paris 1912 (PLille II 2–4); republished in PEnteux..
Ph. = Philo
s. v. l. = si vera lectio
usu. = usually
ib. = ibidem (i.e. in the same work)
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