LIKE διακρίνειν, this bears several divergent meanings, “separation,” “distinction,” “strife,” “appraisal,” “exposition.”¹ In the Septuagint it occurs only at Job 37:16, where the meaning is not clear. In the NT it usually means “differentiation,”

. . . [there is given]. . . TO another the working of miracles, to another prophecy, to another the ability to distinguish between spirits, to another various kinds of tongues, to another the interpretation of tongues. ἄλλῳ δὲ ἐνεργήματα δυνάμεων, ἄλλῳ [δὲ] προφητεία, ἄλλῳ [δὲ] διακρίσεις πνευμάτων, ἑτέρῳ γένη γλωσσῶν, ἄλλῳ δὲ ἑρμηνεία γλωσσῶν·

BUT solid food is for the mature, for those who have their faculties trained by practice to distinguish good from evil. τελείων δέ ἐστιν ἡ στερεὰ τροφή, τῶν διὰ τὴν ἕξιν τὰ αἰσθητήρια γεγυμνασμένα ἐχόντων πρὸς διάκρισιν καλοῦ τε καὶ κακοῦ.

AS for the man who is weak in faith, welcome him, but not for disputes over opinions. Τὸν δὲ ἀσθενοῦντα τῇ πίστει προσλαμβάνεσθε, μὴ εἰς διακρίσεις διαλογισμῶν.  [N.B. It is best to take διάκρισις here in the sense of “evaluation.”²]



διακρίνω [ρῑ], fut. -κρῐνῶ, Ep. and Delph. -κρῖνέω Il.2.387, SIG614.8 (ii b.c.):—separate one from another, ὥς τ᾽ αἰπόλια .. αἰπόλοι ἄνδρες ῥεῖα διακρίνωσιν Il.2.475, cf. Hdt.8.114; part combatants, εἰς ὅ κε δαίμων ἄμμε διακρίνῃ Il.7.292, etc.; εἰ μὴ νὺξ .. διακρινέει μένος ἀνδρῶν 2.387; δ φιλέοντε Od.4.179; κρόκην καὶ στήμονας συγκεχυμένους δ. Pl.Cra.388b:—Pass., to be parted, of hair, Plu.Rom.15: more freq. of combatants διακρινθήμεναι (Ep. inf. aor. 1 Pass.) ἤδη Ἀργείους καὶ Τρῶας Il.3.98, cf. 102, 7.306, etc.: also in fut. Med., διακρινέεσθαι Od.18.149, 20.180; διακριθέντες ἐκ τῆς ναυμαχίης Hdt.8.18; διακριθῆναι ἀπ᾽ ἀλλήλων Th.1.105, cf. 3.9; διακρίνεσθαι πρός .. part and join different parties, Id.1.18.

b. Pass., to be divorced, Leg.Gort.2.46.

2. in Philosophy, separate, decompose into elemental parts, opp. συγκρίνω, chiefly in Pass., Anaxag.12, cf. Arist.Metaph.985^a28, [Epich.]245, Pl.Phd.71b, Prm.157a, etc.

3. ἄστρων διακρίνει φάη σελάνα prob. sets apart, removes, i.e. outshines, B.8.28.

II. distinguish, καί κ᾽ ἀλαὸς διακρίνειε τὸ σῆμα Od.8.195; οὐδένα δ. without distinction of persons, Hdt.3.39; οὐχὶ δ. τὴν πενιχρὰν ἢ πλουσίαν Diod.Com.2.8: pf. Pass. in med. sense, διακεκρίμεθα τάς τε καθαρὰς ἡδονὰς καὶ .. Pl.Phlb.52c: plpf. in pass. sense, διεκέκριτο οὐδέν no distinction was made, Th.1.49; διακεκριμέναι distinct, varied, B.Fr.24.

III. decide, of judges, ὀρθᾷ δ. φρενί Pi.O.8.24; δ. δίκας Hdt.1.100; διὰ δὲ κρίνουσι θέμιστας Theoc.25.46; also, determine a fever, mark its crisis, Hp.Coac.137; ἡ νοῦσος μάλιστα διακρίνει ἐν οὐδενί has usually no crisis in any patient, Id.Morb.2.71; δ. αἵρεσιν Hdt.1.11; δ. εἰ .. Id.7.54; δ. περί τινος Ar.Av.719:—Med., νεῖκος δ. get it decided, Hes.Op.35; τὸ ζητούμενον Pl.Phlb.46b; decide among yourselves, ταῦτα .. ὅπως ποτ᾽ ἔχει δ. D.32.28:—Pass., bring an issue to decision, ἐπέεσσί γε νηπυτίοισι ὧδε διακρινθέντε Il.20.212; δἴ τινι τᾶν πολίων ῃͅ ἀμφίλλογα, διακριθῆμεν Foed.Dor.ap.Th.5.79; διακριθεῖμεν περί τινος Pl.Euthphr.7c; of combatants, μάχῃ διακριθῆναι πρός τινα Hdt.9.58; πρός τινα ὑπέρ τινος LxxJl.3.(4).2; δ̔́πλοις ἢ λόγοις διακρίνεσθαι Philipp.ap.D.12.7; διακρίνεσθαι περὶ τῶν ὅλων Plb.3.111.2; τινί with one, Ep.Jud.9: abs., PMagd.1.15 (iii b.c.), etc.; also πόλεμος διακριθήσεται Hdt.7.206; of a person, to be judged, Polem.Call.18.

IV. set [a place] apart for holy purposes, Pi.O.10(11).46.

V. interpret a dream, etc., Ph.2.54, Junc.ap.Stob.4.50.95.

VI. question, τοὺς ἰατρούς Arr.Epict.4.1.148.

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