1000 – 1300 AD Rise of the Papacy; New Heresies & Religious Orders   Pope Innocent III

 17. INVASION, DECAY, and REFORM
Viking Invasions; Papal Decline and Renewal; Reform Movements

18. MEDIEVAL CHURCH and STATE in CONFLICT
The Papacy Breaks With the Empire; Hildebrand and Henry IV; Compromise

19. EXPANSION and CONFLICT
The Greek Church after the Iconoclastic Controversy; The Spread of the Church

20. NEW MOVEMENTS and SECTS
The Crusades; New Religious Movements; Heretical Sects; The Inquisition

 21. FRIARS and LEARNING
Dominicans And Franciscans; Early Scholasticism; The Universities