ADDRESS to the
CHRISTIAN NOBILITY
of the German Nation

Martin Luther, 1520
 

 An den Christlichen Adel Deutscher Nation - 1520


PART I. A COMMON CULTURE

1   THE OLD CHURCH, 1490–1517

Seeing Salvation in Church

The First Pillar: The Mass and Purgatory

Layfolk at Prayer

The Second Pillar: Papal Primacy

A Pillar Cracks: Politics and the Papacy

[Conciliarism]

Church Versus Commonwealth?

2   HOPES AND FEARS, 1490–1517

[2.1] Shifting Boundaries

[2.2] The Iberian Exception

[2.3] The Iberian Achievement: The Western Church Exported

[2.4] New Possibilities: Paper and Printing

[2.5] Humanism: A New World from Books

[2.6] Putting Renewal into Practice

[2.7] Reform or the Last Days?

[2.8] Erasmus: Hopes Fulfilled, Fears Stilled?

3   NEW HEAVEN: NEW EARTH, 1517–24

The Shadow of Augustine

Luther, a Good Monk: 1483–1517

An Accidental Revolution: 1517–21

Whose Revolution? 1521–2

Evangelical Challenges: Zwingli and Radicalism 1521–2

Zürich and Wittenberg 1522–4

The Years of Carnival 1521–4

4   WOOING THE MAGISTRATE, 1524–40

Europe’s Greatest Rebellion: 1524–5

Princely Churches or Christian Separation: 1525–30

The Birth of Protestantisms: 1529–33

Strassburg: New Rome or New Jerusalem?

Kings and Reformers, 1530–40

A New King David? Münster and Its Aftermath

5   REUNION DEFERRED: CATHOLIC AND PROTESTANT, 1530–60

A Southern Revival

Ignatius Loyola and the Early Jesuits

Hopes For a Deal: The 1541–2 Crisis

A Council at Trent: The First Session, 1545–9

Calvin in Geneva: The Reformed Answer to Münster

Calvin and the Eucharist: Protestant Divisions Confirmed

Reformed Protestantism: Alternatives to Calvin 1540–60



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