PARADISO 27-29
PRIMUM MOBILE
(The Angels - Orders and Fall)
 

 


CANTO 27;   CANTO 28;    CANTO 29


 

 

 

 

PARADISO CANTO 27
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The Poet's ear and eye drink for a space of the glory of Paradise and afterwards, amid deep silence, first the light of Peter glows red with indignation, as he denounced the doings of Pope Boniface VIII; then all heaven is suffused with the same glow and Beatrice's cheek flushes as at a tale of shame, while Peter pursues his denunciation, including Clement the Gascon and John of Cahors in its sweep and then promises redress and bids Dante bear the news to earth. The triumphant spirits, like flashes of flame, rain upwards into the higher heaven, and Beatrice bids Dante look down upon the earth. Dants is in Gemini and the Sun in Aries, with Taurus between, and there, f ore the half of the earth illuminated by the sun does not correspond with the half that the Seer commands. He sees the earth as we see the moon when she is past the full. The illuminated portion stretches from far west of Gibraltar to the shore of the Levant; and the dark, ened portion stretches further east. Turning back with renewed longing to Beatrice Dante sees her yet more beautiful and rises with her to the Primum Mobile. Beatrice expounds to him how time and space take their source and measure from this sphere, and have no relevancy to aught that lies beyond it. It is girt (how, God only un-derstands) not by space but by the Divine light and love. Then, with deep yearning, Beatrice turns her thoughts back to the besotted world wherein faith and innocence find refuge only in the hearts and lives of infants, and where humanity blackens from its birth. And all this not because of any inherent degeneracy but because there is none to rule. But ere the hundredth of a day by which the Julian exceeds the Solar year shall by its accumulations have made January cease to be a Winter month! the course shall be reversed.

 

 

UNTO the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost,
glory!”-all Paradise began, so that
the sweetness of the singing held me rapt.

3 ‘Al Padre, al Figlio, a lo Spirito Santo’,
cominciò, ‘gloria!’, tutto ‘l paradiso,
sì che m’inebriava il dolce canto.

What I saw seemed to me to be a smile
the universe had smiled; my rapture had
entered by way of hearing and of sight.

6 Ciò ch’io vedeva mi sembiava un riso
de l’universo; per che mia ebbrezza
intrava per l’udire e per lo viso.

O joy! O gladness words can never speak!
O life perfected by both love and peace!
O richness so assured, that knows no longing!

9 Oh gioia! oh ineffabile allegrezza!
oh vita intègra d’amore e di pace!
oh sanza brama sicura ricchezza!

Before my eyes, there stood, aflame, the foul
torches, and that which had been first to come
began to glow with greater radiance,

12 Dinanzi a li occhi miei le quattro face
stavano accese, e quella che pria venne
incominciò a farsi più vivace,

and what its image then became was like
what Jupiter’s would be if Mars and he
were birds and had exchanged their plumages.

15 e tal ne la sembianza sua divenne,
qual diverrebbe Iove, s’elli e Marte
fossero augelli e cambiassersi penne.

After the Providence that there assigns
to every office its appointed time
had, to those holy choirs, on every side,

18 La provedenza, che quivi comparte
vice e officio, nel beato coro
silenzio posto avea da ogne parte,

commanded silence, I then heard: “If I
change color, do not be amazed, for as
I speak, you will see change in all these flames.

21 quand’io udi’: «Se io mi trascoloro,
non ti maravigliar, ché, dicend’io,
vedrai trascolorar tutti costoro.

He who on earth usurps my place, my place,
my place that in the sight of God’s own Son
is vacant now, has made my burial ground

24 Quelli ch’usurpa in terra il luogo mio,
il luogo mio, il luogo mio, che vaca
ne la presenza del Figliuol di Dio,

a sewer of blood, a sewer of stench, so that
the perverse one who fell from Heaven, here
above, can find contentment there below.”

27 fatt’ha del cimitero mio cloaca
del sangue e de la puzza; onde ‘l perverso
che cadde di qua sù, là giù si placa».

Then I saw all the heaven colored by
the hue that paints the clouds at morning and
at evening, with the sun confronting them.

30 Di quel color che per lo sole avverso
nube dipigne da sera e da mane,
vid’io allora tutto ‘l ciel cosperso.

And like a woman who, although secure
in her own honesty, will pale on even
hearing about another woman’s failing,

33 E come donna onesta che permane
di sé sicura, e per l’altrui fallanza,
pur ascoltando, timida si fane,

just so did Beatrice change in appearance;
and I believe that such eclipse was in
the sky when He, the Highest Power, suffered.

36 così Beatrice trasmutò sembianza;
e tale eclissi credo che ‘n ciel fue,
quando patì la supprema possanza.

Then his words followed with a voice so altered
from what it was before-even his likeness
did not display a greater change than that.

39 Poi procedetter le parole sue
con voce tanto da sé trasmutata,
che la sembianza non si mutò piùe:

“The Bride of Christ was never nurtured by
my blood, and blood of Linus and of Cletus,
to be employed in gaining greater riches;

42 «Non fu la sposa di Cristo allevata
del sangue mio, di Lin, di quel di Cleto,
per essere ad acquisto d’oro usata;

but to acquire this life of joyousness,
Sixtus and Pius, Urban and Calixtus,
after much lamentation, shed their blood.

45 ma per acquisto d’esto viver lieto
e Sisto e Pio e Calisto e Urbano
sparser lo sangue dopo molto fleto.

We did not want one portion of Christ’s people
to sit at the right side of our successors,
while, on the left, the other portion sat,

48 Non fu nostra intenzion ch’a destra mano
d’i nostri successor parte sedesse,
parte da l’altra del popol cristiano;

nor did we want the keys that were consigned
to me, to serve as an escutcheon on
a banner that waged war against the baptized;

51 né che le chiavi che mi fuor concesse,
divenisser signaculo in vessillo
che contra battezzati combattesse;

nor did we want my form upon a seal
for trafficking in lying privileges-
for which I often blush and flash with anger.

54 né ch’io fossi figura di sigillo
a privilegi venduti e mendaci,
ond’io sovente arrosso e disfavillo.

From here on high one sees rapacious wolves
clothed in the cloaks of shepherds. You, the vengeance
of God, oh, why do you still lie concealed?

57 In vesta di pastor lupi rapaci
si veggion di qua sù per tutti i paschi:
o difesa di Dio, perché pur giaci?

The Gascons and the Cahorsines-they both
prepare to drink our blood: o good beginning,
to what a miserable end you fall!

60 Del sangue nostro Caorsini e Guaschi
s’apparecchian di bere: o buon principio,
a che vil fine convien che tu caschi!

But that high Providence which once preserved,
with Scipio, the glory of the world
for Rome, will soon bring help, as I conceive;

63 Ma l’alta provedenza, che con Scipio
difese a Roma la gloria del mondo,
soccorrà tosto, sì com’io concipio;

and you, my son, who through your mortal weight
will yet return below, speak plainly there,
and do not hide that which I do not hide.”

66 e tu, figliuol, che per lo mortal pondo
ancor giù tornerai, apri la bocca,
e non asconder quel ch’io non ascondo».

As, when the horn of heaven’s Goat abuts
the sun, our sky flakes frozen vapors downward,
so did I see that ether there adorned;

69 Sì come di vapor gelati fiocca
in giuso l’aere nostro, quando ‘l corno
de la capra del ciel col sol si tocca,

for from that sphere, triumphant vapors now
were flaking up to the Empyrean-
returning after dwelling here with us.

72 in sù vid’io così l’etera addorno
farsi e fioccar di vapor triunfanti
che fatto avien con noi quivi soggiorno.

My sight was following their semblances-
until the space between us grew so great
as to deny my eyes all farther reach.

75 Lo viso mio seguiva i suoi sembianti,
e seguì fin che ‘l mezzo, per lo molto,
li tolse il trapassar del più avanti.

At this, my lady, seeing me set free
from gazing upward, told me: “Let your eyes
look down and see how far you have revolved.”

78 Onde la donna, che mi vide assolto
de l’attendere in sù, mi disse: «Adima
il viso e guarda come tu se’ vòlto».

I saw that, from the time when I looked down
before, I had traversed all of the arc
of the first clime, from its midpoint to end,

81 Da l’ora ch’io avea guardato prima
i’ vidi mosso me per tutto l’arco
che fa dal mezzo al fine il primo clima;

so that, beyond Cadiz, I saw Ulysses’
mad course and, to the east, could almost see
that shoreline where Europa was sweet burden.

84 sì ch’io vedea di là da Gade il varco
folle d’Ulisse, e di qua presso il lito
nel qual si fece Europa dolce carco.

I should have seen more of this threshing floor
but for the motion of the sun beneath
my feet: it was a sign and more away.

87 E più mi fora discoverto il sito
di questa aiuola; ma ‘l sol procedea
sotto i mie’ piedi un segno e più partito.

My mind, enraptured, always longing for
my lady gallantly, was burning more
than ever for my eyes’ return to her;

90 La mente innamorata, che donnea
con la mia donna sempre, di ridure
ad essa li occhi più che mai ardea;

and if-by means of human,flesh or portraits-
nature or art has fashioned lures to draw
the eye so as to grip the mind, all these

93 e se natura o arte fé pasture
da pigliare occhi, per aver la mente,
in carne umana o ne le sue pitture,

would seem nothing if set beside the godly
beauty that shone upon me when I turned
to see the smiling face of Beatrice.

96 tutte adunate, parrebber niente
ver’ lo piacer divin che mi refulse,
quando mi volsi al suo viso ridente.

The powers that her gaze now granted me
drew me out of the lovely nest of Leda
and thrust me into heaven’s swiftest sphere.

99 E la virtù che lo sguardo m’indulse,
del bel nido di Leda mi divelse,
e nel ciel velocissimo m’impulse.

Its parts were all so equally alive
and excellent, that I cannot say which
place Beatrice selected for my entry.

102 Le parti sue vivissime ed eccelse
sì uniforme son, ch’i’ non so dire
qual Beatrice per loco mi scelse.

But she, who saw what my desire was-
her smile had so much gladness that within
her face there seemed to be God’s joy-began:

105 Ma ella, che vedea ‘l mio disire,
incominciò, ridendo tanto lieta,
che Dio parea nel suo volto gioire:

“The nature of the universe, which holds
the center still and moves all else around it,
begins here as if from its turning-post.

108 «La natura del mondo, che quieta
il mezzo e tutto l’altro intorno move,
quinci comincia come da sua meta;

This heaven has no other where than this:
the mind of God, in which are kindled both
the love that turns it and the force it rains.

111 e questo cielo non ha altro dove
che la mente divina, in che s’accende
l’amor che ‘l volge e la virtù ch’ei piove.

As in a circle, light and love enclose it,
as it surrounds the rest-and that enclosing,
only He who encloses understands.

114 Luce e amor d’un cerchio lui comprende,
sì come questo li altri; e quel precinto
colui che ‘l cinge solamente intende.

No other heaven measures this sphere’s motion,
but it serves as the measure for the rest,
even as half and fifth determine ten;

117 Non è suo moto per altro distinto,
ma li altri son mensurati da questo,
sì come diece da mezzo e da quinto;

and now it can be evident to you
how time has roots within this vessel and,
within the other vessels, has its leaves.

120 e come il tempo tegna in cotal testo
le sue radici e ne li altri le fronde,
omai a te può esser manifesto.

O greediness, you who-within your depths-
cause mortals to sink so, that none is left
able to lift his eyes above your waves!

123 Oh cupidigia che i mortali affonde
sì sotto te, che nessuno ha podere
di trarre li occhi fuor de le tue onde!

The will has a good blossoming in men;
but then the never-ending downpours turn
the sound plums into rotten, empty skins.

126 Ben fiorisce ne li uomini il volere;
ma la pioggia continua converte
in bozzacchioni le sosine vere.

For innocence and trust are to be found
only in little children; then they flee
even before a full beard cloaks the cheeks.

129 Fede e innocenza son reperte
solo ne’ parvoletti; poi ciascuna
pria fugge che le guance sian coperte.

One, for as long as he still lisps, will fast,
but when his tongue is free at last, he gorges,
devouring any food through any month;

132 Tale, balbuziendo ancor, digiuna,
che poi divora, con la lingua sciolta,
qualunque cibo per qualunque luna;

and one, while he still lisps, will love and heed
his mother, but when he acquires speech
more fully, he will long to see her buried.

135 e tal, balbuziendo, ama e ascolta
la madre sua, che, con loquela intera,
disia poi di vederla sepolta.

Just so, white skin turns black when it is struck
by direct light-the lovely daughter of
the one who brings us dawn and leaves us evening.

138 Così si fa la pelle bianca nera
nel primo aspetto de la bella figlia
di quel ch’apporta mane e lascia sera.

That you not be amazed at what I say,
consider this: on earth no king holds sway;
therefore, the family of humans strays.

141 Tu, perché non ti facci maraviglia,
pensa che ‘n terra non è chi governi;
onde sì svia l’umana famiglia.

But well before a thousand years have passed
(and January is unwintered by
day’s hundredth part, which they neglect below),

144 Ma prima che gennaio tutto si sverni
per la centesma ch’è là giù negletta,
raggeran sì questi cerchi superni,

this high sphere shall shine so, that Providence,
long waited for, will turn the sterns to where
the prows now are, so that the fleet runs straight;

147 che la fortuna che tanto s’aspetta,
le poppe volgerà u’ son le prore,
sì che la classe correrà diretta;

and then fine fruit shall follow on the flower.”

148 e vero frutto verrà dopo ‘l fiore».

CANTO 28

 

 

 

PARADISO CANTO 28
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After Beatrice's discourse Dante, gazing upon her eyes, is suddenly aware of the reflection in them of a thing which was not in his sight or thought, and on turning to see what it may be he perceives a point of intensest light with nine concentric circles wheeling around it; swift and bright in proportion to their nearness to the point. Beatrice, quoting Aristotle's praise concerning God, declares that Heaven and all Nature hang upon that point, and bids Dante note the burning love that quickens the movement of the inmost circle, Thereon Dante at once perceives that the nine circles represent the Intelligences or angelic orders connected with the nine revolving heavens, but cannot see why the outmost, swiftest, widest sweeping and most divine heaven should correspond with the inmost and smallest angelic circle. Beatrice explains that the divine substance of the heavens being uniform that heaven which is materially greatest has in it the most of excellence; but it is the excellence, not the size, that is essential. In like manner swiftness and brightness are the measure of the excellence of the angelic circles, and therefore the inmost of them which is swiftest and brightest represents those intelligences that love and know most; and the spiritual correspondence is complete between the two diverse spatial presentations. Thus the relativity of space-conceptions is suggested. God may be conceived as the spaceless centre of the universe just as well as the all-embracer. Dante, now enlightened, sees the circles shoot out countless sparks that follow them in their whirling; and hears them all sing Hosanna; while Beatrice further explains how the swift joy of the angels is proportioned to their sight, their sight to their merit, won by grace and by exercise of will; whereas love is not the foundation but the inevitable consequence of knowledge. She has explained the three hierarchies and nine orders of the Angels, as Dionysius (enlightened by his own intense passion of contemplation, and instructed by Paul who had been rapt to heaven) had set them forth. Gregory, having departed from the scheme of Dionysius, smiled at his own error when he beheld this heaven.

 

 

AFTER the lady who imparadises
my mind disclosed the truth that is unlike
the present life of miserable mortals,

3 Poscia che ‘ncontro a la vita presente
d’i miseri mortali aperse ‘l vero
quella che ‘mparadisa la mia mente,

then, just as one who sees a mirrored flame-
its double candle stands behind his back-
even before he thought of it or gazed

6 come in lo specchio fiamma di doppiero
vede colui che se n’alluma retro,
prima che l’abbia in vista o in pensiero,

directly at it, and he turns to gauge
if that glass tells the truth to him, and sees
that it accords, like voice and instrument,

9 e sé rivolge per veder se ‘l vetro
li dice il vero, e vede ch’el s’accorda
con esso come nota con suo metro;

so-does my memory recall-I did
after I looked into the lovely eyes
of which Love made the noose that holds me tight.

12 così la mia memoria si ricorda
ch’io feci riguardando ne’ belli occhi
onde a pigliarmi fece Amor la corda.

And when I turned and my own eyes were met
by what appears within that sphere whenever
one looks intently at its revolution,

15 E com’io mi rivolsi e furon tocchi
li miei da ciò che pare in quel volume,
quandunque nel suo giro ben s’adocchi,

I saw a point that sent forth so acute
a light, that anyone who faced the force
with which it blazed would have to shut his eyes,

18 un punto vidi che raggiava lume
acuto sì, che ‘l viso ch’elli affoca
chiuder conviensi per lo forte acume;

and any star that, seen from earth, would seem
to be the smallest, set beside that point,
as star conjoined with star, would seem a moon.

21 e quale stella par quinci più poca,
parrebbe luna, locata con esso
come stella con stella si collòca.

Around that point a ring of fire wheeled,
a ring perhaps as far from that point as
a halo from the star that colors it

24 Forse cotanto quanto pare appresso
alo cigner la luce che ‘l dipigne
quando ‘l vapor che ‘l porta più è spesso,

when mist that forms the halo is most thick.
It wheeled so quickly that it would outstrip
the motion that most swiftly girds the world.

27 distante intorno al punto un cerchio d’igne
si girava sì ratto, ch’avria vinto
quel moto che più tosto il mondo cigne;

That ring was circled by a second ring,
the second by a third, third by a fourth,
fourth by a fifth, and fifth ring by a sixth.

30 e questo era d’un altro circumcinto,
e quel dal terzo, e ‘l terzo poi dal quarto,
dal quinto il quarto, e poi dal sesto il quinto.

Beyond, the seventh ring, which followed, was
so wide that all of Juno’s messenger
would be too narrow to contain that circle.

33 Sopra seguiva il settimo sì sparto
già di larghezza, che ‘l messo di Iuno
intero a contenerlo sarebbe arto.

The eighth and ninth were wider still; and each,
even as greater distance lay between
it and the first ring, moved with lesser speed;

36 Così l’ottavo e ‘l nono; e chiascheduno
più tardo si movea, secondo ch’era
in numero distante più da l’uno;

and, I believe, the ring with clearest flame
was that which lay least far from the pure spark
because it shares most deeply that point’s truth.

39 e quello avea la fiamma più sincera
cui men distava la favilla pura,
credo, però che più di lei s’invera.

My lady, who saw my perplexity-
I was in such suspense-said: “On that Point
depend the heavens and the whole of nature.

42 La donna mia, che mi vedea in cura
forte sospeso, disse: «Da quel punto
depende il cielo e tutta la natura.

Look at the circle that is nearest It,
and know: its revolutions are so swift
because of burning love that urges it.”

45 Mira quel cerchio che più li è congiunto;
e sappi che ‘l suo muovere è sì tosto
per l’affocato amore ond’elli è punto».

And I to her: “If earth and the nine spheres
were ordered like those rings, then I would be
content with what you have set out before me,

48 E io a lei: «Se ‘l mondo fosse posto
con l’ordine ch’io veggio in quelle rote,
sazio m’avrebbe ciò che m’è proposto;

but in the world of sense, what one can see
are spheres becoming ever more divine
as they are set more distant from the center.

51 ma nel mondo sensibile si puote
veder le volte tanto più divine,
quant’elle son dal centro più remote.

Thus, if my longing is to gain its end
in this amazing and angelic temple
that has, as boundaries, only love and light,

54 Onde, se ‘l mio disir dee aver fine
in questo miro e angelico templo
che solo amore e luce ha per confine,

then I still have to hear just how the model
and copy do not share in one same plan-
for by myself I think on this in vain.”

57 udir convienmi ancor come l’essemplo
e l’essemplare non vanno d’un modo,
ché io per me indarno a ciò contemplo».

“You need not wonder if your fingers are
unable to undo that knot: no one
has tried, and so that knot is tightened, taut!”

60 «Se li tuoi diti non sono a tal nodo
sufficienti, non è maraviglia:
tanto, per non tentare, è fatto sodo!».

my lady said, and then continued: “If
you would be satisfied, take what I tell you-
and let your mind be sharp as I explain.

63 Così la donna mia; poi disse: «Piglia
quel ch’io ti dicerò, se vuo’ saziarti;
e intorno da esso t’assottiglia.

The size of spheres of matter-large or small-
depends upon the power-more and less-
that spreads throughout their parts. More excellence

66 Li cerchi corporai sono ampi e arti
secondo il più e ‘l men de la virtute
che si distende per tutte lor parti.

yields greater blessedness; more blessedness
must comprehend a greater body when
that body’s parts are equally complete.

69 Maggior bontà vuol far maggior salute;
maggior salute maggior corpo cape,
s’elli ha le parti igualmente compiute.

And thus this sphere, which sweeps along with it
the rest of all the universe, must match
the circle that loves most and knows the most,

72 Dunque costui che tutto quanto rape
l’altro universo seco, corrisponde
al cerchio che più ama e che più sape:

so that, if you but draw your measure round
the power within-and not the semblance of-
the angels that appear to you as circles,

75 per che, se tu a la virtù circonde
la tua misura, non a la parvenza
de le sustanze che t’appaion tonde,

you will discern a wonderful accord
between each sphere and its Intelligence:
greater accords with more, smaller with less.”

78 tu vederai mirabil consequenza
di maggio a più e di minore a meno,
in ciascun cielo, a sua intelligenza».

Just as the hemisphere of air remains
splendid, serene, when from his gentler cheek
Boreas blows and clears the scoriae,

81 Come rimane splendido e sereno
l’emisperio de l’aere, quando soffia
Borea da quella guancia ond’è più leno,

dissolves the mist that had defaced the sky,
so that the heavens smile with loveliness
in all their regions; even so did I

84 per che si purga e risolve la roffia
che pria turbava, sì che ‘l ciel ne ride
con le bellezze d’ogne sua paroffia;

become after my lady had supplied
her clear response to me, and-like a star
in heaven-truth was seen. And when her words

87 così fec’io, poi che mi provide
la donna mia del suo risponder chiaro,
e come stella in cielo il ver si vide.

were done, even as incandescent iron
will shower sparks, so did those circles sparkle;
and each spark circled with its flaming ring-

90 E poi che le parole sue restaro,
non altrimenti ferro disfavilla
che bolle, come i cerchi sfavillaro.

sparks that were more in number than the sum
one reaches doubling in succession each
square of a chessboard, one to sixty-four.

93 L’incendio suo seguiva ogne scintilla;
ed eran tante, che ‘l numero loro
più che ‘l doppiar de li scacchi s’inmilla.

I heard “Hosanna” sung, from choir to choir
to that fixed Point which holds and always shall
hold them to where they have forever been.

96 Io sentiva osannar di coro in coro
al punto fisso che li tiene a li ubi,
e terrà sempre, ne’ quai sempre fuoro.

Botticini,
Assumption
of the
Blessed
Virgin Mary

And she who saw my mind’s perplexities
said: “The first circles have displayed to you
the Seraphim and Cherubim. They follow

99 E quella che vedea i pensier dubi
ne la mia mente, disse: «I cerchi primi
t’hanno mostrato Serafi e Cherubi.

the ties of love with such rapidity
because they are as like the Point as creatures
can be, a power dependent on their vision.

.102 Così veloci seguono i suoi vimi,
per somigliarsi al punto quanto ponno;
e posson quanto a veder son soblimi.

Those other loves that circle round them are
called Thrones of the divine aspect, because
they terminated the first group of three;

.105 Quelli altri amori che ‘ntorno li vonno,
si chiaman Troni del divino aspetto,
per che ‘l primo ternaro terminonno;

and know that all delight to the degree
to which their vision sees-more or less deeply-
that truth in which all intellects find rest.

.108 e dei saper che tutti hanno diletto
quanto la sua veduta si profonda
nel vero in che si queta ogne intelletto.

From this you see that blessedness depends
upon the act of vision, not upon
the act of love-which is a consequence;

.111 Quinci si può veder come si fonda
l’essere beato ne l’atto che vede,
non in quel ch’ama, che poscia seconda;

the measure of their vision lies in merit,
produced by grace and then by will to goodness:
and this is the progression, step by step.

.114 e del vedere è misura mercede,
che grazia partorisce e buona voglia:
così di grado in grado si procede.

The second triad-blossoming in this
eternal springtime that the nightly Ram
does not despoil-perpetually sings

.117 L’altro ternaro, che così germoglia
in questa primavera sempiterna
che notturno Ariete non dispoglia,

‘Hosanna’ with three melodies that sound
in the three ranks of bliss that form this triad;
within this hierarchy there are three

.120 perpetualemente ‘Osanna’ sberna
con tre melode, che suonano in tree
ordini di letizia onde s’interna.

kinds of divinities: first, the Dominions,
and then the Virtues; and the final order
contains the Powers. The two penultimate

.123 In essa gerarcia son l’altre dee:
prima Dominazioni, e poi Virtudi;
l’ordine terzo di Podestadi èe.

groups of rejoicing ones within the next
triad are wheeling Principalities
and the Archangels; last, the playful Angels.

.126 Poscia ne’ due penultimi tripudi
Principati e Arcangeli si girano;
l’ultimo è tutto d’Angelici ludi.

These orders all direct-ecstatically-
their eyes on high; and downward, they exert
such force that all are drawn and draw to God.

.129 Questi ordini di sù tutti s’ammirano,
e di giù vincon sì, che verso Dio
tutti tirati sono e tutti tirano.

And Dionysius, with much longing, set
himself to contemplate these orders: he
named and distinguished them just as I do.

.132 E Dionisio con tanto disio
a contemplar questi ordini si mise,
che li nomò e distinse com’io.

Though, later, Gregory disputed him,
when Gregory came here-when he could see
with opened eyes-he smiled at his mistake.

.135 Ma Gregorio da lui poi si divise;
onde, sì tosto come li occhi aperse
in questo ciel, di sé medesmo rise.

You need not wonder if a mortal told
such secret truth on earth: it was disclosed
to him by one who saw it here above-

.138 E se tanto secreto ver proferse
mortale in terra, non voglio ch’ammiri;
ché chi ‘l vide qua sù gliel discoperse

both that and other truths about these circles.”

.139 con altro assai del ver di questi giri».

CANTO 29

 

 

 

PARADISO CANTO 29
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Beatrice gazes for a moment upon that point of light wherein ever where is here and every when is now, and therein reads the questions Dante would fain have her answer. It was not to acquire any good for himself, but that his reflected light might itself have the joy of conscious existence, that God, in his timeless eternity, uttered himself as love in created beings, themselves capable of loving. It is vain so ask what God was doing before the creation, for Time has no relevance except within the range of creation; nor was the first creation itself successive, or temporal at all; for pure form or act (the angels) pure matter or potentiality (the materia prima) and inseparably  united act and potentiality (the material heavens) issued into simultaneous being. Jerome was wrong (as Scripture and reason testify) in thinking that the angels were created long before the heavens over which it is the office of certain of them to preside. Dante now knows where the angels were created (in God's eternity,) and when (contemporaneously with Time and with the Heavens) and how (all loving); but has yet to learn how soon certain fell (ere one might count twenty) and why (because of Satan's pride), and how the less presumptuous ones recognized the source of their swift and wide range of understanding, and so received grace (the acceptance of which was itself a merit), and were confirmed. This instruction were enough, did not the prevalence of erroneous teaching (honest and dishonest) make it needful to add that the angels, ever rejoicing in the direct contemplation of God, see ail things always,  and therefore exercise no changing stress of attention, and therefore need no power of memory, since their thought never having lost immediate hold of aught needs not to recall aught. Beatrice goes on to denounce the vain and flippant teaching by which the faithful are deluded, and especially the unauthorized pardonings; and finally, returning to the subject of the angels, explains that though in number they surpass the power of human language or conception, yet each has his own specific quality of insight and of resultant love. Such is the wonder of the divine love which breaks in upon such countless mirrors, yet remains ever one.

 

 

AS long as both Latona’s children take
(when, covered by the Ram and Scales, they make
their belt of the horizon at the same

3 Quando ambedue li figli di Latona,
coperti del Montone e de la Libra,
fanno de l’orizzonte insieme zona,

moment) to pass from equilibrium-
the zenith held in balance-to that state
where, changing hemispheres, each leaves that belt,

6 quant’è dal punto che ‘l cenìt inlibra
infin che l’uno e l’altro da quel cinto,
cambiando l’emisperio, si dilibra,

so long did Beatrice, a smile upon
her face, keep silent, even as she gazed
intently at the Point that overwhelmed me.

9 tanto, col volto di riso dipinto,
si tacque Beatrice, riguardando
fiso nel punto che m’avea vinto.

Then she began: “I tell-not ask-what you
now want to hear, for I have seen it there
where, in one point, all whens and ubis end.

12 Poi cominciò: «Io dico, e non dimando,
quel che tu vuoli udir, perch’io l’ho visto
là ‘ve s’appunta ogne ubi e ogne quando.

Not to acquire new goodness for Himself-
which cannot be-but that his splendor might,
as it shines back to Him, declare ‘Subsisto,’

15 Non per aver a sé di bene acquisto,
ch’esser non può, ma perché suo splendore
potesse, risplendendo, dir “Subsisto”,

in His eternity outside of time,
beyond all other borders, as pleased Him,
Eternal Love opened into new loves.

18 in sua etternità di tempo fore,
fuor d’ogne altro comprender, come i piacque,
s’aperse in nuovi amor l’etterno amore.

Nor did he lie, before this, as if languid;
there was no after, no before-they were
not there until God moved upon these waters.

21 Né prima quasi torpente si giacque;
ché né prima né poscia procedette
lo discorrer di Dio sovra quest’acque.

Then form and matter, either separately
or in mixed state, emerged as flawless being,
as from a three-stringed bow, three arrows spring.

24 Forma e materia, congiunte e purette,
usciro ad esser che non avia fallo,
come d’arco tricordo tre saette.

And as a ray shines into amber, crystal,
or glass, so that there is no interval
between its coming and its lighting all

27 E come in vetro, in ambra o in cristallo
raggio resplende sì, che dal venire
a l’esser tutto non è intervallo,

so did the three-form, matter, and their union-
flash into being from the Lord with no
distinction in beginning: all at once.

30 così ‘l triforme effetto del suo sire
ne l’esser suo raggiò insieme tutto
sanza distinzione in essordire.

Created with the substances were order
and pattern; at the summit of the world
were those in whom pure act had been produced;

33 Concreato fu ordine e costrutto
a le sustanze; e quelle furon cima
nel mondo in che puro atto fu produtto;

and pure potentiality possessed
the lowest part; and in the middle, act
so joined potentiality that they

36 pura potenza tenne la parte ima;
nel mezzo strinse potenza con atto
tal vime, che già mai non si divima.

never disjoin. For you, Jerome has written
that the creation of the angels came
long centuries before all else was made;

39 Ieronimo vi scrisse lungo tratto
di secoli de li angeli creati
anzi che l’altro mondo fosse fatto;

but this, the truth I speak, is written by
scribes of the Holy Ghost-as you can find
if you look carefully-on many pages;

42 ma questo vero è scritto in molti lati
da li scrittor de lo Spirito Santo,
e tu te n’avvedrai se bene agguati;

and reason, too, can see in part this truth,
for it would not admit that those who move
the heavens could, for so long, be without

45 e anche la ragione il vede alquanto,
che non concederebbe che ‘ motori
sanza sua perfezion fosser cotanto.

their perfect task. Now you know where and when
and how these loving spirits were created:
with this, three flames of your desire are quenched.

48 Or sai tu dove e quando questi amori
furon creati e come: sì che spenti
nel tuo disio già son tre ardori.

Then, sooner than it takes to count to twenty,
a portion of the angels violently
disturbed the lowest of your elements.

51 Né giugneriesi, numerando, al venti
sì tosto, come de li angeli parte
turbò il suggetto d’i vostri alementi.

The rest remained; and they, with such rejoicing,
began the office you can see, that they
never desert their circling contemplation.

54 L’altra rimase, e cominciò quest’arte
che tu discerni, con tanto diletto,
che mai da circuir non si diparte.

The fall had its beginning in the cursed
pride of the one you saw, held in constraint
by all of the world’s weights. Those whom you see

57 Principio del cader fu il maladetto
superbir di colui che tu vedesti
da tutti i pesi del mondo costretto.

in Heaven here were modestly aware
that they were ready for intelligence
so vast, because of that Good which had made them:

60 Quelli che vedi qui furon modesti
a riconoscer sé da la bontate
che li avea fatti a tanto intender presti:

through this, their vision was exalted with
illuminating grace and with their merit,
so that their will is constant and intact.

63 per che le viste lor furo essaltate
con grazia illuminante e con lor merto,
si c’hanno ferma e piena volontate;

I would not have you doubt, but have you know
surely that there is merit in receiving
grace, measured by the longing to receive it.

66 e non voglio che dubbi, ma sia certo,
che ricever la grazia è meritorio
secondo che l’affetto l’è aperto.

By now, if you have taken in my words,
you need no other aid to contemplate
much in regard to this consistory.

69 Omai dintorno a questo consistorio
puoi contemplare assai, se le parole
mie son ricolte, sanz’altro aiutorio.

But since on earth, throughout your schools, they teach
that it is in the nature of the angels
to understand, to recollect, to will,

72 Ma perché ‘n terra per le vostre scole
si legge che l’angelica natura
è tal, che ‘ntende e si ricorda e vole,

I shall say more, so that you may see clearly
the truth that, there below, has been confused
by teaching that is so ambiguous.

75 ancor dirò, perché tu veggi pura
la verità che là giù si confonde,
equivocando in sì fatta lettura.

These beings, since they first were gladdened by
the face of God, from which no thing is hidden,
have never turned their vision from that face,

78 Queste sustanze, poi che fur gioconde
de la faccia di Dio, non volser viso
da essa, da cui nulla si nasconde:

so that their sight is never intercepted
by a new object, and they have no need
to recollect an interrupted concept.

81 però non hanno vedere interciso
da novo obietto, e però non bisogna
rememorar per concetto diviso;

So that, below, though not asleep, men dream,
speaking in good faith or in bad-the last,
however, merits greater blame and shame.

84 sì che là giù, non dormendo, si sogna,
credendo e non credendo dicer vero;
ma ne l’uno è più colpa e più vergogna.

Below, you do not follow one sole path
as you philosophize-your love of show
and thought of it so carry you astray!

87 Voi non andate giù per un sentiero
filosofando: tanto vi trasporta
l’amor de l’apparenza e ‘l suo pensiero!

Yet even love of show is suffered here
with less disdain than the subordination
or the perversion of the Holy Scripture.

90 E ancor questo qua sù si comporta
con men disdegno che quando è posposta
la divina Scrittura o quando è torta.

There, they devote no thought to how much blood
it costs to sow it in the world, to how
pleasing is he who-humbly-holds it fast.

93 Non vi si pensa quanto sangue costa
seminarla nel mondo e quanto piace
chi umilmente con essa s’accosta.

Each one strives for display, elaborates
his own inventions; preachers speak at length
of these-meanwhile the Gospels do not speak.

96 Per apparer ciascun s’ingegna e face
sue invenzioni; e quelle son trascorse
da’ predicanti e ‘l Vangelio si tace.

One says that, to prevent the sun from reaching
below, the moon-when Christ was crucified-
moved back along the zodiac, so as

99 Un dice che la luna si ritorse
ne la passion di Cristo e s’interpuose,
per che ‘l lume del sol giù non si porse;

to interpose itself; who says so, lies-
for sunlight hid itself; not only Jews,
but Spaniards, Indians, too, saw that eclipse.

.102 e mente, ché la luce si nascose
da sé: però a li Spani e a l’Indi
come a’ Giudei tale eclissi rispuose.

Such fables, shouted through the year from pulpits-
some here, some there-outnumber even all
the Lapos and the Bindos Florence has;

.105 Non ha Fiorenza tanti Lapi e Bindi
quante sì fatte favole per anno
in pergamo si gridan quinci e quindi;

so that the wretched sheep, in ignorance,
return from pasture, having fed on wind-
but to be blind to harm does not excuse them.

.108 sì che le pecorelle, che non sanno,
tornan del pasco pasciute di vento,
e non le scusa non veder lo danno.

Christ did not say to his first company:
‘Go, and preach idle stories to the world’;
but he gave them the teaching that is truth,

.111 Non disse Cristo al suo primo convento:
‘Andate, e predicate al mondo ciance’;
ma diede lor verace fondamento;

and truth alone was sounded when they spoke;
and thus, to battle to enkindle faith,
the Gospels served them as both shield and lance.

.114 e quel tanto sonò ne le sue guance,
sì ch’a pugnar per accender la fede
de l’Evangelio fero scudo e lance.

But now men go to preach with jests and jeers,
and just as long as they can raise a laugh,
the cowl puffs up, and nothing more is asked.

.117 Ora si va con motti e con iscede
a predicare, e pur che ben si rida,
gonfia il cappuccio e più non si richiede.

But such a bird nests in that cowl, that if
the people saw it, they would recognize
as lies the pardons in which they confide-

.120 Ma tale uccel nel becchetto s’annida,
che se ‘l vulgo il vedesse, vederebbe
la perdonanza di ch’el si confida;

pardons through which the world’s credulity
increases so, that people throng to every
indulgence backed by no authority;

.123 per cui tanta stoltezza in terra crebbe,
che, sanza prova d’alcun testimonio,
ad ogne promession si correrebbe.

and this allows the Antonines to fatten
their pigs, and others, too, more piggish still,
who pay with counterfeit, illegal tender.

.126 Di questo ingrassa il porco sant’Antonio,
e altri assai che sono ancor più porci,
pagando di moneta sanza conio.

But since we have digressed enough, turn back
your eyes now to the way that is direct;
our time is short-so, too, must be our path.

.129 Ma perché siam digressi assai, ritorci
li occhi oramai verso la dritta strada,
sì che la via col tempo si raccorci.

The number of these angels is so great
that there has never been a mortal speech
or mortal thought that named a sum so steep;

.132 Questa natura sì oltre s’ingrada
in numero, che mai non fu loquela
né concetto mortal che tanto vada;

and if you look at that which is revealed
by Daniel, you will see that, while he mentions
thousands, he gives no number with precision.

.135 e se tu guardi quel che si revela
per Daniel, vedrai che ‘n sue migliaia
determinato numero si cela.

The First Light reaches them in ways as many
as are the angels to which It conjoins
Itself, as It illumines all of them;

.138 La prima luce, che tutta la raia,
per tanti modi in essa si recepe,
quanti son li splendori a chi s’appaia.

and this is why (because affection follows
the act of knowledge) the intensity
of love’s sweetness appears unequally.

.141 Onde, però che a l’atto che concepe
segue l’affetto, d’amar la dolcezza
diversamente in essa ferve e tepe.

By now you see the height, you see the breadth,
of the Eternal Goodness: It has made
so many mirrors, which divide Its light,

.144 Vedi l’eccelso omai e la larghezza
de l’etterno valor, poscia che tanti
speculi fatti s’ha in che si spezza,

but, as before, Its own Self still is One.”

.145 uno manendo in sé come davanti».

   

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