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PARADISO
CANTO
27
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The Poet's ear and eye drink for a space of the glory of Paradise and afterwards, amid deep silence, first the light of Peter glows red with indignation, as he denounced the doings of Pope Boniface VIII; then all heaven is suffused with the same glow and Beatrice's cheek flushes as at a tale of shame, while Peter pursues his denunciation, including Clement the Gascon and John of Cahors in its sweep and then promises redress and bids Dante bear the news to earth. The triumphant spirits, like flashes of flame, rain upwards into the higher heaven, and Beatrice bids Dante look down upon the earth. Dants is in Gemini and the Sun in Aries, with Taurus between, and there, f ore the half of the earth illuminated by the sun does not correspond with the half that the Seer commands. He sees the earth as we see the moon when she is past the full. The illuminated portion stretches from far west of Gibraltar to the shore of the Levant; and the dark, ened portion stretches further east. Turning back with renewed longing to Beatrice Dante sees her yet more beautiful and rises with her to the Primum Mobile. Beatrice expounds to him how time and space take their source and measure from this sphere, and have no relevancy to aught that lies beyond it. | It is girt (how, God only un-derstands) not by space but by the Divine light and love. Then, with deep yearning, Beatrice turns her thoughts back to the besotted world wherein faith and innocence find refuge only in the hearts and lives of infants, and where humanity blackens from its birth. And all this not because of any inherent degeneracy but because there is none to rule. But ere the hundredth of a day by which the Julian exceeds the Solar year shall by its accumulations have made January cease to be a Winter month! the course shall be reversed. |
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UNTO the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, |
3 ‘Al Padre, al Figlio, a lo Spirito Santo’, |
What I saw seemed to me to be a smile |
6 Ciò ch’io vedeva mi sembiava un riso |
O joy! O gladness words can never speak! |
9 Oh gioia! oh ineffabile allegrezza! |
Before my eyes, there stood, aflame, the foul |
12 Dinanzi a li occhi miei le quattro face |
and what its image then became was like |
15 e tal ne la sembianza sua divenne, |
After the Providence that there assigns |
18 La provedenza, che quivi comparte |
commanded silence, I then heard: “If I |
21 quand’io udi’: «Se io mi trascoloro, |
He who on earth usurps my place, my place, |
24 Quelli ch’usurpa in terra il luogo mio, |
a sewer of blood, a sewer of stench, so that |
27 fatt’ha del cimitero mio cloaca |
Then I saw all the heaven colored by |
30 Di quel color che per lo sole avverso |
And like a woman who, although secure |
33 E come donna onesta che permane |
just so did Beatrice change in appearance; |
36 così Beatrice trasmutò sembianza; |
Then his words followed with a voice so altered |
39 Poi procedetter le parole sue |
“The Bride of Christ was never nurtured by |
42 «Non fu la sposa di Cristo allevata |
but to acquire this life of joyousness, |
45 ma per acquisto d’esto viver lieto |
We did not want one portion of Christ’s people |
48 Non fu nostra intenzion ch’a destra mano |
nor did we want the keys that were consigned |
51 né che le chiavi che mi fuor concesse, |
nor did we want my form upon a seal |
54 né ch’io fossi figura di sigillo |
From here on high one sees rapacious wolves |
57 In vesta di pastor lupi rapaci |
The Gascons and the Cahorsines-they both |
60 Del sangue nostro Caorsini e Guaschi |
But that high Providence which once preserved, |
63 Ma l’alta provedenza, che con Scipio |
and you, my son, who through your mortal weight |
66 e tu, figliuol, che per lo mortal pondo |
As, when the horn of heaven’s Goat abuts |
69 Sì come di vapor gelati fiocca |
for from that sphere, triumphant vapors now |
72 in sù vid’io così l’etera addorno |
My sight was following their semblances- |
75 Lo viso mio seguiva i suoi sembianti, |
At this, my lady, seeing me set free |
78 Onde la donna, che mi vide assolto |
I saw that, from the time when I looked down |
81 Da l’ora ch’io avea guardato prima |
so that, beyond Cadiz, I saw Ulysses’ |
84 sì ch’io vedea di là da Gade il varco |
I should have seen more of this threshing floor |
87 E più mi fora discoverto il sito |
My mind, enraptured, always longing for |
90 La mente innamorata, che donnea |
and if-by means of human,flesh or portraits- |
93 e se natura o arte fé pasture |
would seem nothing if set beside the godly |
96 tutte adunate, parrebber niente |
The powers that her gaze now granted me |
99 E la virtù che lo sguardo m’indulse, |
Its parts were all so equally alive |
102 Le parti sue vivissime ed eccelse |
But she, who saw what my desire was- |
105 Ma ella, che vedea ‘l mio disire, |
“The nature of the universe, which holds |
108 «La natura del mondo, che quieta |
This heaven has no other where than this: |
111 e questo cielo non ha altro dove |
As in a circle, light and love enclose it, |
114 Luce e amor d’un cerchio lui comprende, |
No other heaven measures this sphere’s motion, |
117 Non è suo moto per altro distinto, |
and now it can be evident to you |
120 e come il tempo tegna in cotal testo |
O greediness, you who-within your depths- |
123 Oh cupidigia che i mortali affonde |
The will has a good blossoming in men; |
126 Ben fiorisce ne li uomini il volere; |
For innocence and trust are to be found |
129 Fede e innocenza son reperte |
One, for as long as he still lisps, will fast, |
132 Tale, balbuziendo ancor, digiuna, |
and one, while he still lisps, will love and heed |
135 e tal, balbuziendo, ama e ascolta |
Just so, white skin turns black when it is struck |
138 Così si fa la pelle bianca nera |
That you not be amazed at what I say, |
141 Tu, perché non ti facci maraviglia, |
But well before a thousand years have passed |
144 Ma prima che gennaio tutto si sverni |
this high sphere shall shine so, that Providence, |
147 che la fortuna che tanto s’aspetta, |
and then fine fruit shall follow on the flower.” |
148 e vero frutto verrà dopo ‘l fiore». |
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PARADISO
CANTO
28
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After Beatrice's discourse Dante, gazing upon her eyes, is suddenly aware of the reflection in them of a thing which was not in his sight or thought, and on turning to see what it may be he perceives a point of intensest light with nine concentric circles wheeling around it; swift and bright in proportion to their nearness to the point. Beatrice, quoting Aristotle's praise concerning God, declares that Heaven and all Nature hang upon that point, and bids Dante note the burning love that quickens the movement of the inmost circle, Thereon Dante at once perceives that the nine circles represent the Intelligences or angelic orders connected with the nine revolving heavens, but cannot see why the outmost, swiftest, widest sweeping and most divine heaven should correspond with the inmost and smallest angelic circle. Beatrice explains that the divine substance of the heavens being uniform that heaven which is materially greatest has in it the most of excellence; but it is the excellence, not the size, that is essential. In like manner swiftness and brightness are the measure of the excellence of the angelic circles, and therefore the inmost of them which is swiftest and brightest represents those intelligences that love and know most; and the spiritual correspondence is complete between the two diverse spatial presentations. Thus the relativity of space-conceptions is suggested. God may be conceived as the spaceless centre of the universe just as well as the all-embracer. | Dante, now enlightened, sees the circles shoot out countless sparks that follow them in their whirling; and hears them all sing Hosanna; while Beatrice further explains how the swift joy of the angels is proportioned to their sight, their sight to their merit, won by grace and by exercise of will; whereas love is not the foundation but the inevitable consequence of knowledge. She has explained the three hierarchies and nine orders of the Angels, as Dionysius (enlightened by his own intense passion of contemplation, and instructed by Paul who had been rapt to heaven) had set them forth. Gregory, having departed from the scheme of Dionysius, smiled at his own error when he beheld this heaven. |
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AFTER the lady who imparadises |
3 Poscia che ‘ncontro a la vita presente |
then, just as one who sees a mirrored flame- |
6 come in lo specchio fiamma di doppiero |
directly at it, and he turns to gauge |
9 e sé rivolge per veder se ‘l vetro |
so-does my memory recall-I did |
12 così la mia memoria si ricorda |
And when I turned and my own eyes were met |
15 E com’io mi rivolsi e furon tocchi |
I saw a point that sent forth so acute |
18 un punto vidi che raggiava lume |
and any star that, seen from earth, would seem |
21 e quale stella par quinci più poca, |
Around that point a ring of fire wheeled, |
24 Forse cotanto quanto pare appresso |
when mist that forms the halo is most thick. |
27 distante intorno al punto un cerchio d’igne |
That ring was circled by a second ring, |
30 e questo era d’un altro circumcinto, |
Beyond, the seventh ring, which followed, was |
33 Sopra seguiva il settimo sì sparto |
The eighth and ninth were wider still; and each, |
36 Così l’ottavo e ‘l nono; e chiascheduno |
and, I believe, the ring with clearest flame |
39 e quello avea la fiamma più sincera |
My lady, who saw my perplexity- |
42 La donna mia, che mi vedea in cura |
Look at the circle that is nearest It, |
45 Mira quel cerchio che più li è congiunto; |
And I to her: “If earth and the nine spheres |
48 E io a lei: «Se ‘l mondo fosse posto |
but in the world of sense, what one can see |
51 ma nel mondo sensibile si puote |
Thus, if my longing is to gain its end |
54 Onde, se ‘l mio disir dee aver fine |
then I still have to hear just how the model |
57 udir convienmi ancor come l’essemplo |
“You need not wonder if your fingers are |
60 «Se li tuoi diti non sono a tal nodo |
my lady said, and then continued: “If |
63 Così la donna mia; poi disse: «Piglia |
The size of spheres of matter-large or small- |
66 Li cerchi corporai sono ampi e arti |
yields greater blessedness; more blessedness |
69 Maggior bontà vuol far maggior salute; |
And thus this sphere, which sweeps along with it |
72 Dunque costui che tutto quanto rape |
so that, if you but draw your measure round |
75 per che, se tu a la virtù circonde |
you will discern a wonderful accord |
78 tu vederai mirabil consequenza |
Just as the hemisphere of air remains |
81 Come rimane splendido e sereno |
dissolves the mist that had defaced the sky, |
84 per che si purga e risolve la roffia |
become after my lady had supplied |
87 così fec’io, poi che mi provide |
were done, even as incandescent iron |
90 E poi che le parole sue restaro, |
sparks that were more in number than the sum |
93 L’incendio suo seguiva ogne scintilla; |
I heard “Hosanna” sung, from choir to choir |
96 Io sentiva osannar di coro in coro |
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Botticini, Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary |
And she who saw my mind’s perplexities |
99 E quella che vedea i pensier dubi |
the ties of love with such rapidity |
.102 Così veloci seguono i suoi vimi, |
Those other loves that circle round them are |
.105 Quelli altri amori che ‘ntorno li vonno, |
and know that all delight to the degree |
.108 e dei saper che tutti hanno diletto |
From this you see that blessedness depends |
.111 Quinci si può veder come si fonda |
the measure of their vision lies in merit, |
.114 e del vedere è misura mercede, |
The second triad-blossoming in this |
.117 L’altro ternaro, che così germoglia |
‘Hosanna’ with three melodies that sound |
.120 perpetualemente ‘Osanna’ sberna |
kinds of divinities: first, the Dominions, |
.123 In essa gerarcia son l’altre dee: |
groups of rejoicing ones within the next |
.126 Poscia ne’ due penultimi tripudi |
These orders all direct-ecstatically- |
.129 Questi ordini di sù tutti s’ammirano, |
And Dionysius, with much longing, set |
.132 E Dionisio con tanto disio |
Though, later, Gregory disputed him, |
.135 Ma Gregorio da lui poi si divise; |
You need not wonder if a mortal told |
.138 E se tanto secreto ver proferse |
both that and other truths about these circles.” |
.139 con altro assai del ver di questi giri». |
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PARADISO
CANTO
29
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Beatrice gazes for a moment upon that point of light wherein ever where is here and every when is now, and therein reads the questions Dante would fain have her answer. It was not to acquire any good for himself, but that his reflected light might itself have the joy of conscious existence, that God, in his timeless eternity, uttered himself as love in created beings, themselves capable of loving. It is vain so ask what God was doing before the creation, for Time has no relevance except within the range of creation; nor was the first creation itself successive, or temporal at all; for pure form or act (the angels) pure matter or potentiality (the materia prima) and inseparably united act and potentiality (the material heavens) issued into simultaneous being. Jerome was wrong (as Scripture and reason testify) in thinking that the angels were created long before the heavens over which it is the office of certain of them to preside. Dante now knows where the angels were created (in God's eternity,) and when (contemporaneously with Time and with the Heavens) and how (all loving); but has yet to learn how soon certain fell (ere one might count twenty) and why (because of Satan's pride), and how the less presumptuous ones recognized the source of their swift and wide range of understanding, and so received grace (the acceptance of which was itself a merit), and were confirmed. This instruction were enough, did not the prevalence of erroneous teaching (honest and dishonest) make it needful to add that the angels, ever rejoicing in the direct contemplation of God, see ail things always, | and therefore exercise no changing stress of attention, and therefore need no power of memory, since their thought never having lost immediate hold of aught needs not to recall aught. Beatrice goes on to denounce the vain and flippant teaching by which the faithful are deluded, and especially the unauthorized pardonings; and finally, returning to the subject of the angels, explains that though in number they surpass the power of human language or conception, yet each has his own specific quality of insight and of resultant love. Such is the wonder of the divine love which breaks in upon such countless mirrors, yet remains ever one. |
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AS long as both Latona’s children take |
3 Quando ambedue li figli di Latona, |
moment) to pass from equilibrium- |
6 quant’è dal punto che ‘l cenìt inlibra |
so long did Beatrice, a smile upon |
9 tanto, col volto di riso dipinto, |
Then she began: “I tell-not ask-what you |
12 Poi cominciò: «Io dico, e non dimando, |
Not to acquire new goodness for Himself- |
15 Non per aver a sé di bene acquisto, |
in His eternity outside of time, |
18 in sua etternità di tempo fore, |
Nor did he lie, before this, as if languid; |
21 Né prima quasi torpente si giacque; |
Then form and matter, either separately |
24 Forma e materia, congiunte e purette, |
And as a ray shines into amber, crystal, |
27 E come in vetro, in ambra o in cristallo |
so did the three-form, matter, and their union- |
30 così ‘l triforme effetto del suo sire |
Created with the substances were order |
33 Concreato fu ordine e costrutto |
and pure potentiality possessed |
36 pura potenza tenne la parte ima; |
never disjoin. For you, Jerome has written |
39 Ieronimo vi scrisse lungo tratto |
but this, the truth I speak, is written by |
42 ma questo vero è scritto in molti lati |
and reason, too, can see in part this truth, |
45 e anche la ragione il vede alquanto, |
their perfect task. Now you know where and when |
48 Or sai tu dove e quando questi amori |
Then, sooner than it takes to count to twenty, |
51 Né giugneriesi, numerando, al venti |
The rest remained; and they, with such rejoicing, |
54 L’altra rimase, e cominciò quest’arte |
The fall had its beginning in the cursed |
57 Principio del cader fu il maladetto |
in Heaven here were modestly aware |
60 Quelli che vedi qui furon modesti |
through this, their vision was exalted with |
63 per che le viste lor furo essaltate |
I would not have you doubt, but have you know |
66 e non voglio che dubbi, ma sia certo, |
By now, if you have taken in my words, |
69 Omai dintorno a questo consistorio |
But since on earth, throughout your schools, they teach
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72 Ma perché ‘n terra per le vostre scole |
I shall say more, so that you may see clearly |
75 ancor dirò, perché tu veggi pura |
These beings, since they first were gladdened by |
78 Queste sustanze, poi che fur gioconde |
so that their sight is never intercepted |
81 però non hanno vedere interciso |
So that, below, though not asleep, men dream, |
84 sì che là giù, non dormendo, si sogna, |
Below, you do not follow one sole path |
87 Voi non andate giù per un sentiero |
Yet even love of show is suffered here |
90 E ancor questo qua sù si comporta |
There, they devote no thought to how much blood |
93 Non vi si pensa quanto sangue costa |
Each one strives for display, elaborates |
96 Per apparer ciascun s’ingegna e face |
One says that, to prevent the sun from reaching |
99 Un dice che la luna si ritorse |
to interpose itself; who says so, lies- |
.102 e mente, ché la luce si nascose |
Such fables, shouted through the year from pulpits- |
.105 Non ha Fiorenza tanti Lapi e Bindi |
so that the wretched sheep, in ignorance, |
.108 sì che le pecorelle, che non sanno, |
Christ did not say to his first company: |
.111 Non disse Cristo al suo primo convento: |
and truth alone was sounded when they spoke;
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.114 e quel tanto sonò ne le sue guance, |
But now men go to preach with jests and jeers, |
.117 Ora si va con motti e con iscede |
But such a bird nests in that cowl, that if |
.120 Ma tale uccel nel becchetto s’annida, |
pardons through which the world’s credulity |
.123 per cui tanta stoltezza in terra crebbe, |
and this allows the Antonines to fatten |
.126 Di questo ingrassa il porco sant’Antonio, |
But since we have digressed enough, turn back |
.129 Ma perché siam digressi assai, ritorci |
The number of these angels is so great |
.132 Questa natura sì oltre s’ingrada |
and if you look at that which is revealed |
.135 e se tu guardi quel che si revela |
The First Light reaches them in ways as many |
.138 La prima luce, che tutta la raia, |
and this is why (because affection follows |
.141 Onde, però che a l’atto che concepe |
By now you see the height, you see the breadth, |
.144 Vedi l’eccelso omai e la larghezza |
but, as before, Its own Self still is One.” |
.145 uno manendo in sé come davanti». |
This Webpage was created for a workshop held at Saint Andrew's Abbey, Valyermo, California in 2004