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CANTO
19 |
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The just Kings, who compose the eagle of Jupiter, speak as one per-con, just as many brands give out one warmth, so indicating that the work of all righteous governors is one and the same, the voice of all of them being the one voice of justice. In the heaven of justice, there rises in Dante's mind a passion of hope that he may find the solution of the problem, which so long has tortured him, as to the exclusion of the virtuous heathen from heaven, so contrary in seeming to God's justice. The divine eagle first responds with a burst of triumphant joy, then tells how God's wisdom is in excess of all that the whole creation expresses; and since Lucifer himself, the highest of created things, could not see all (and fell because . e would not wait for the full measure of light God would have given him), it follows far more that lesser minds cannot so see but that God sees unutterably deeper. Wherefore our sight must needs be lost in the depths of divine justice, which God's eye alone can pierce. But our very idea of justice is from God, and this thought must quiet Dante's protest as to the exclusion of the virtuous heathen. Who is he that he should judge? There were matter enough for the human mind to boggle at, had we not the authority of Scripture for our guidance and did we not know that the Will of God is itself the perfect standard of goodness and of justice, not to be called to account by any other standard. | As the little stork (the symbol of obedient docility) looks up, when fed, to the parent bird that wheels over the nest, so Dante gazes on the eagle; which sings a hymn as far above our understanding as God's judgments are; and then, while reasserting without qualification that belief in Christ is the sole means of access to heaven, yet declares that many heathen will be far nearer Christ on the judgment day than many who call upon his name; whereon follows a long denunciation, in detail, of contemporary Christian monarchs. |
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THE
handsome image those united souls, |
Parea dinanzi a me con l’ali aperte |
Each soul
seemed like a ruby - one in which |
parea ciascuna rubinetto in cui |
And what I
now must tell has never been |
E quel che mi convien ritrar testeso, |
for I did
see the beak, did hear it speak |
ch’io vidi e anche udi’ parlar lo rostro, |
And it
began: “Because I was both just |
E cominciò: «Per esser giusto e pio |
the memory
I left on earth is such |
e in terra lasciai la mia memoria |
Thus one
sole warmth is felt from many embers, |
Così un sol calor di molte brage |
To which I
said: “O everlasting flowers |
Ond’io appresso: «O perpetui fiori |
do let your
breath deliver me from that |
solvetemi, spirando, il gran digiuno |
I know
indeed that, though God’s Justice has |
Ben so io che, se ‘n cielo altro reame |
You know
how keenly I prepare myself |
Sapete come attento io m’apparecchio |
Just like a
falcon set free from its hood, |
Quasi falcone ch’esce del cappello, |
I saw that
ensign do, that Eagle woven |
vid’io farsi quel segno, che di laude |
Then it
began: “The One who turned His compass |
Poi cominciò: «Colui che volse il sesto |
could not
imprint His Power into all |
non poté suo valor sì fare impresso |
In proof of
this, the first proud being, he |
E ciò fa certo che ‘l primo superbo, |
Thus it is
clear that every lesser nature |
e quinci appar ch’ogne minor natura |
In
consequence of this, your vision-which |
Dunque vostra veduta, che convene |
of its own
nature find sufficient force |
non pò da sua natura esser possente |
therefore,
the vision that your world receives |
Però ne la giustizia sempiterna |
for though,
near shore, sight reaches the sea floor, |
che, ben che da la proda veggia il fondo, |
Only the
light that shines from the clear heaven |
Lume non è, se non vien dal sereno |
Now is the
hiding place of living Justice |
Assai t’è mo aperta la latebra |
For you
would say: ‘A man is born along |
ché tu dicevi: “Un uom nasce a la riva |
And he, as
far as human reason sees, |
e tutti suoi voleri e atti buoni |
And that
man dies unbaptized, without faith. |
Muore non battezzato e sanza fede: |
Now who are
you to sit upon the bench, |
Or tu chi se’, che vuo’ sedere a scranna, |
Of course,
for him who would be subtle with me, |
Certo a colui che meco s’assottiglia, |
O earthly
animals, o minds obtuse! |
Oh terreni animali! oh menti grosse! |
So much is
just as does accord with It; |
Cotanto è giusto quanto a lei consuona: |
Just as,
above the nest, the stork will circle |
Quale sovresso il nido si rigira |
the blessed
image do, and so did I, |
cotal si fece, e sì levai i cigli, |
Wheeling,
the Eagle sang, then said: “Even |
Roteando cantava, e dicea: «Quali |
After the
Holy Ghost’s bright flames fell silent |
Poi si quetaro quei lucenti incendi |
began: “No
one without belief in Christ |
esso ricominciò: «A questo regno |
But there
are many who now cry ‘Christ! Christ!’ |
Ma vedi: molti gridan “Cristo, Cristo!”, |
the
Ethiopian will shame such Christians |
e tai Cristian dannerà l’Etiòpe, |
What shall
the Persians, when they come to see |
Che poran dir li Perse a’ vostri regi, |
There one
shall see, among the deeds of Albert, |
Lì si vedrà, tra l’opere d’Alberto, |
There one
shall see the grief inflicted on |
Lì si vedrà il duol che sovra Senna |
There one
shall see the thirst of arrogance |
Lì si vedrà la superbia ch’asseta, |
That book
will show the life of Lechery |
Vedrassi la lussuria e ‘l viver molle |
That book
will show the Cripple of Jerusalem- |
Vedrassi al Ciotto di Ierusalemme |
That book
will show the greed and cowardice |
Vedrassi l’avarizia e la viltate |
and to make
plain his paltriness, the letters |
e a dare ad intender quanto è poco, |
And all
shall see the filthiness of both |
E parranno a ciascun l’opere sozze |
And he of
Portugal and he of Norway |
E quel di Portogallo e di Norvegia |
O happy
Hungary, if she would let |
Oh beata Ungheria, se non si lascia |
And if
Navarre needs token of her future, |
E creder de’ ciascun che già, per arra |
their own beast, with his place beside the others.” |
che dal fianco de l’altre non si scosta». 19.148 |
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CANTO
20 |
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As when the one tight of the sun disappears, the heaven is straightway rekindled by many stars, so when the one voice of the eagle ceased the many beings that composed it, shining yet more brightly, burst into an angelic chime of many notes, which was followed by a murmuring as of falling waters, gathering once more in the neck of the eagle into a single voice. The eagle declares that the six lights which forms its pupil and eyebrow are the greatest of all, and goes' on to enumerate them, using, in most cases, rich and pregnant circumlocution, but expressly naming Ripheus the Trojan, that there may be no room to misconceive a statement so incredible as that he (as well as Trajan, the heathen emperor, already indicated by a paraphrase not to be misunderstood) is in heaven. Then once more the eagle bursts into rapturous song, and when it pauses, Dante, though he knows that the spirits read his inmost thoughts as we on earth see colour through a sheet of glass, yet can not restrain the utterance of his amazement at the presence of these two heathen; whereon the eagle declares that both of them died in the true faith, Ripheus in Christ to come and Trajan in Christ come; and so explains the former case as to suggest that revelations may have been vouchsafed to other righteous Pagans. | So little do men fathom the divine counsels! Nay, the redeemed souls, as they look on God, know not yet who shall be the saved; and in this very limitation of their, knowledge they rejoice, for it is a point of conscious contact with the will of God. Thus, as the souls of Trajan and Ripheus glint responsive to the eagle's discourse, Dante receives sweet solace partly from the thought that he knows not, after all, how many of the supposed heathen are in truth saved, and partly from the spectacle of the souls in bliss rejoicing in the limitations of their knowledge no less than in it; conquests. |
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WHEN he who
graces all the world with light |
Quando colui che tutto ‘l mondo alluma |
which had
been lit before by him alone, |
lo ciel, che sol di lui prima s’accende, |
and I
remembered this celestial course |
e questo atto del ciel mi venne a mente, |
for then
all of those living lights grew more |
però che tutte quelle vive luci, |
O gentle
love that wears a smile as mantle, |
O dolce amor che di riso t’ammanti, |
After the
precious, gleaming jewels with which |
Poscia che i cari e lucidi lapilli |
I seemed to
hear the murmur of a torrent |
udir mi parve un mormorar di fiume |
Even as
sound takes shape at the lute’s neck, |
E come suono al collo de la cetra |
delay-that
murmur of the Eagle rose |
così, rimosso d’aspettare indugio, |
became a
voice that issued from its beak, |
Fecesi voce quivi, e quindi uscissi |
“Now you
must watch-and steadily-that part |
«La parte in me che vede e pate il sole |
to say to
me, “because, of all the flames |
perché d’i fuochi ond’io figura fommi, |
He who
gleams in the center, my eye’s pupil- |
Colui che luce in mezzo per pupilla, |
now he has
learned the merit will can earn- |
ora conosce il merto del suo canto, |
Of those
five flames that, arching, form my brow, |
Dei cinque che mi fan cerchio per ciglio, |
now he has
learned the price one pays for not |
ora conosce quanto caro costa |
And he
whose place is next on the circumference |
E quel che segue in la circunferenza |
now he has
learned that the eternal judgment |
ora conosce che ‘l giudicio etterno |
The next
who follows-one whose good intention |
L’altro che segue, con le leggi e meco, |
now he has
learned that, even though the world |
ora conosce come il mal dedutto |
He whom you
see-along the downward arc- |
E quel che vedi ne l’arco declivo, |
now he has
learned how Heaven loves the just |
ora conosce come s’innamora |
Who in the
erring world below would hold |
Chi crederebbe giù nel mondo errante, |
Now he has
learned much that the world cannot |
Ora conosce assai di quel che ‘l mondo |
As if it
were a lark at large in air, |
Quale allodetta che ‘n aere si spazia |
such seemed
to me the image of the seal |
tal mi sembiò l’imago de la ‘mprenta |
And though
the doubt I felt there was as plain |
E avvegna ch’io fossi al dubbiar mio |
the thrust
and weight of urgency it forced |
ma de la bocca, «Che cose son queste?», |
And then
the blessed sign-its eye grown still |
Poi appresso, con l’occhio più acceso, |
that, since
you speak of them, you do believe |
«Io veggio che tu credi queste cose |
You act as
one who apprehends a thing |
Fai come quei che la cosa per nome |
Regnum
celorum suffers violence |
Regnum celorum
violenza pate |
yet not as
man defeats another man: |
non a guisa che l’omo a l’om sobranza, |
You were
amazed to see the angels’ realm |
La prima vita del ciglio e la quinta |
When these
souls left their bodies, they were not |
D’i corpi suoi non uscir, come credi, |
in Feet
that were to suffer. One, from Hell, |
Ché l’una de lo ‘nferno, u’ non si riede |
bestowed
upon a living hope, the hope |
di viva spene, che mise la possa |
Returning
briefly to the flesh, that soul |
L’anima gloriosa onde si parla, |
was kindled
to such fire of true love |
e credendo s’accese in tanto foco |
The other,
through the grace that surges from |
L’altra, per grazia che da sì profonda |
below, set
all his love on righteousness, |
tutto suo amor là giù pose a drittura: |
thus he,
believing that, no longer suffered |
ond’ei credette in quella, e non sofferse |
More than a
thousand years before baptizing, |
Quelle tre donne li fur per battesmo |
How
distant, o predestination, is |
O predestinazion, quanto remota |
And,
mortals, do take care-judge prudently: |
E voi, mortali, tenetevi stretti |
the
incompleteness of our knowledge is |
ed ènne dolce così fatto scemo, |
So, from
the image God Himself had drawn, |
Così da quella imagine divina, |
And as a
lutanist accompanies- |
E come a buon cantor buon citarista |
so, while
the Eagle spoke-I can remember- |
sì, mentre ch’e’ parlò, sì mi ricorda |
in ways that were at one with what he said. |
con le parole mover le fiammette. 20.148 |
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