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St. Augustine Exhorts an Arian |
THE CONFESSIONS (ca. 398-400) Books 1,7,9, &10
(1) FROM PLATO to CHRIST (2) FOOD of the STRONG; SOLITARY ASCENT (4) TOGETHER into HEAVEN; (5) RAVISHED SPIRITUAL SENSES
SERMON 128, On the Lord’s Nativity 12
PL 39, 1997-1998 [error in The Liturgy of the Hours, vol. 1, pp. 541-542, where reference is incorrectly given as Sermon 13 de Tempore PL 39.1097-1098])
BELOVED, our Lord Jesus Christ, the eternal creator of all things, today became our Savior by being born of a mother. Of his own will he was born for us today, in time, so that he could lead us to his Father's eternity. |
Dominus noster Jesus Christus, fratres charissimi, qui in aeternum est cunctorum creator, hodie de matre nascendo, factus est nobis salvator. Natus est nobis hodie in tempore per voluntatem, ut nos perducat ad Patris aeternitatem. |
GOD BECAME MAN SO THAT MAN MIGHT BECOME GOD. |
Factus est Deus homo, ut homo fieret Deus. |
So that man could eat the bread of angels, the Lord of the angels became man today |
Ut panem Angelorum manducaret homo, Dominus Angelorum hodie factus est homo. |
TODAY, the prophecy is fulfilled that said: Pour down, heavens, from above, and let the clouds rain the just one: let the earth be opened and bring forth a savior (Is 45:8). The Lord who had created all things is himself now created, so that he who was lost would be found. Thus man, in the words of the psalmist, confesses: Before I was humbled, I sinned (Ps 118: 67, 176). Man sinned and became guilty; God is born a man to free man from his guilt. Man fell, but God descended; man fell miserably, but God descended mercifully; man fell through pride, God descended with his grace. [...] |
Hodie impleta est prophetia illa, quae dicit, Rorate, coeli, desuper; et nubes pluant justum: aperiatur terra, et germinet Salvatorem (Isai. XLV, 8). Factus est igitur qui fecerat, ut inveniretur qui perierat. Sic enim in Psalmis homo confitetur, Priusquam humiliarer, ego peccavi; et iterum, Erravi sicut ovis quae periit (Psal. CXVIII, 67, 176). Peccavit homo, et factus est reus: natus est homo Deus, ut liberaretur reus. Homo igitur cecidit, sed Deus descendit: cecidit homo miserabiliter, descendit Deus misericorditer; cecidit homo per superbiam, descendit Deus cum gratia. … |
MY brethren, what miracles! What prodigies! The laws of nature are changed in the case of man. God is born. A virgin becomes pregnant with man. The Word of God marries the woman who knows no man. She is now at the same time both mother and virgin. She becomes a mother, yet she remains a virgin. The virgin bears a son, yet she does not know man; she remains untouched, yet she is not barren. He alone was born without sin, for she bore him without the embrace of a man, not by the concupiscence of the flesh but by the obedience of the mind. |
O miracula! o prodigia, fratres charissimi! Naturae jura mutantur in homine: Deus nascitur, virgo sine viro gravidatur. Mox viri nesciam sermo Dei maritat: simul facta est mater et virgo; mater facta, sed incorrupta; virgo habens filium, nesciens virum; semper clausa, sed non [Col. 1998] infecunda. Solus enim sine peccato est natus, quem sine virili complexu non concupiscentia carnis, sed obedientia genuit mentis. Virgo concepit, sola vulneri nostro medicinam parere potuit, quae non ex peccati vulnere germen piae prolis emisit. |
SERMON [Tractate] 38 on JOHN (8:13-14)
Liturgy of the
Hours, Tuesday, 34th week of the Year ; Tract in Ioh.35 8-9 CCL 36
pp. 321-323;
[reference to Transfiguration and attempt to carry audience up to experience
like what he had with his mother Monica]
WE Christians are the light, at least by comparison with unbelievers. Thus the Apostle says: Once you were darkness, but now you are light in the Lord; walk then as sons of the light. And elsewhere he says: The night is far spent, the day is drawing near. Let us therefore lay aside the works of darkness and put on the armor of light; let us walk uprightly as in the day. |
8. […] Nam et nos ipsi christiani in comparatione quidem infidelium lux iam sumus ; unde dicit apostolus : Fuistis enim aliquando tenebrae ; nunc autem lux in Domino, sicut filii lucis ambulate ; et alibi dixit : Nox praecessit, dies autem appiropinquauit : abiciamus ergo o ppera tenebrarum, et induamus nos arma lucis ; sicut in die honeste ambulemus. |
Nevertheless, since the days in which we are now living are still dark compared to the light which we shall see, hear what the apostle Peter says. He speaks of a voice that came from the Supreme Glory and said to the Lord Jesus Christ: You are my beloved Son in whom I am well pleased. This voice, he says, we heard coming from heaven, when we were with him on the holy mountain. |
Tamen quia in comparatione illius lucis ad quam uenturi sumus, adhuc nox est etiam dies in quo sumus, audi Petrum apostolum, delatam dicit Domino Christo uocem de magnifica potestate : Tu es Filius meus dilectus, in quo bene sensi. Hanc uocem, inquit, nos de caelo audiuimus delatam, cum essemus cum illo in monte sancto. |
Because we ourselves were not present there and did not hear that voice from heaven, Peter says to us: And we possess a more certain prophetic word to which you do well to attend, as to a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts. |
Sed quia nos non ibi fuimus, et istam uocem de caelo tunc non audiuimus, ait ad nos ipse Petrus : Et habemus certiorem propheticum sermonem. […] cui bene facitis adtendentes, sicut lucernae in obscuro loco, donec dies lucescat, et lucifer oriatur in cordibus uestris. |
WHEN, therefore, our Lord Jesus Christ comes and, as the apostle Paul says, brings to light things hidden in darkness and makes plain the secrets of the heart, so that everyone may receive his commendation from God, then lamps will no longer be needed. When that day is at hand, the prophet will not be read to us, the book of the Apostle will not be opened, we shall not require the testimony of John, we shall have no need of the Gospel itself. |
9. Quando ergo Dominus noster Iesus Christus uenerit, et, sicut dicit etiam apostolus Paulus, illuminauerit occulta tenebrarum, et manifestauerit cogitationes cordis, ut laus sit unicuique a Deo, tunc praesente tali die lucernae non erunt ne- cessariae; non legetur nobis propheta, non aperietur codex apostoli, non requiremus testimonium Iohannis, non ipso indigebimus euangelio. |
Therefore all Scriptures will be taken away from us, those Scriptures which in the night of this world burned like lamps so that we might not remain in darkness. |
Ergo omnes scripturae tollentur de medio, quae nobis in huius saeculi nocte tamquam lucernae accendebantur, ne in tenebris remaneremus ; |
When all these things are removed as no longer necessary for our illumination, and when the men of God by whom they were ministered to us shall themselves together with us behold the true and dear light without such aids, what shall we see? With what shall our minds be nourished? What will give joy to our gaze? Where will that gladness come from, which eye has not seen, and ear has not heard, which has not even been conceived by the heart of man? What shall we see? |
istis omnibus sublatis, ne quasi nobis luceant indigentibus, et ipsis hominibus Dei, per quos haec ministrata sunt, nobiscum lumen illud uerum clarumque uidentibus, remotis ergo his adiumentis quid uidebimus ? Vnde pascetur mens nostra ? unde obtutus ille laetabitur ? unde erit illud gaudium quod nec oculus uidit, nec auris audiuit, nec in cor hominis adscendit ? quid uidebimus ? |
I IMPLORE you to love with me and, by believing, to run with me; let us long for our heavenly country, let us sigh for our heavenly home, let us truly feel that here we are strangers. What shall we then see? Let the gospel tell us: In the beginning was the Word and the Word was with God and the Word was God. |
Obsecro uos, amate mecum, currite credendo mecum ; patriam supernam desideremus, supernae patriae suspiremus, peregrinos nos esse hic sentiamus. Quid tunc uidebimus ? Dicat nunc euangelium : In principio erat Verbum, et Verbum erat apud Deum, et Deus erat Verbum. |
You who have been
sprinkled with dew
That light from which a ray was sent through slanting
and winding ways into the darkness of your heart |
Vnde tibi ros inspersus est, ad fontem uenies ; unde radius per obliqua et per anfractuosa tibi ad cor tenebrosum missus est, nudam ipsam lucem uidebis, |
It is to see and experience this light that you are now being cleansed. |
cui uidendae ferendaeque mundaris.. |
Dearly beloved, John himself says, we are the sons of God, and it has not yet been disclosed what we shall be; but we know that when he appears we shall be like him, because we shall see him as he is. |
Dilectissimi, quod et hesterno commemoraui, Iohannes ipse dicit, filii Dei sumus, et nondum apparuit quid erimus ; scimus quia cum app pparuerit, similes ei erimus, quoniam uidebimus eum sicuti est |
I feel that your spirits are being raised up with mine to the heavens above; but the body which is corruptible weighs down the soul, and this earthly tent burdens the thoughtful mind. |
Sentio uestros affectus adtolli mecum in superna ; sed corpus quod corrumpitur, aggrauat animam, et deprimit terrena inhabitatio sensum multa cogitantem. |
I am about to lay aside this book, and you are soon going away, each to his own business. It has been good for us to share the common light, good to have enjoyed ourselves, good to have been glad together. When we part from one another, let us not depart from him. |
Depositurus sum et ego codicem istum, discessuri estis et uos quisque ad sua. Bene nobis fuit in luce communi, bene gauisi sumus, bene exsultauimus ; sed cum ab inuicem recedimus, ab illo non recedamus. |
Augustine: EXPOSITION 10.6 of PSALM 118.32.
Tr. Maria Boulding, OSB, Works of St. Augustine, Exposition of the Psalms, 99-120, New City Press, 2003, 386.
[…] Enlargement of heart means delight in righteousness. This is a gift of God. With it we are not cramped by fear in the observance of his commands but led into the broad freedom of love as we delight in justice. He promises us this wide space in his pledge, I will dwell in them, and walk about in them (2 Cor 6:16). | Cordis dilatatio, iustitiae est delectatio. Haec munus est Dei, ut in praeceptis eius non timore poenae angustemur, sed dilectione, et delectatione iustitiae dilatemur. Hanc enim nobis promittit latitudinem eius dicens: Habitabo in eis, et deambulabo. |
How spacious must be the place where God walks! In this breadth of heart there is poured out in us that charity which comes from the Holy Spirit who has been given to us. (cf. Rom. 5.5) | Quam enim latum est ubi deambulat Deus! in hac latitudine diffunditur caritas in cordibus nostris per Spiritum sanctum qui datus est nobis. |
Another text suggests the same truth: Let your waters run widely in your streets (Prv 5:16). The word “street” (platea) derives from the Greek word πλατὺ [platu], which means something wide. The waters here mentioned are those of which the Lord cried out. Let anyone who is thirssty come to me and drink. If anyone believes in me, as scripture says, rivers of living water shall flow from within that person. And the evangelist explains the meaning of the Lord's invitation: He said this of the Spirit which those who believed in him were to receive. (Jn 7:37-38) [...] | Unde etiam dictum est: Et in plateis tuis discurrant aquae tuae: platea quippe de verbo graeco a latitudine nomen accepit; quoniam graece πλατὺ dicitur latum. Hae sunt aquae de quibus Dominus clamat: Qui sitit veniat ad me. Qui credit in me, flumina aquae vivae fluent de ventre eius: et exponens Evangelista quid dixerit: Hoc autem, inquit, dicebat de Spiritu quem accepturi erant qui credituri erant in eum. [...] |
SERMON 272
[on The
Eucharist]
On The Day of Pentecost to The
Children, On The Sacrament
IN DIE PENTECOSTES AD INFANTES, DE
SACRAMENTO
Augustine, SERMON 272 (Rotelle series....John E. Rotelle, O.S.A., ed., WSA, Sermons, Part 3, Vol. 7, trans. Edmund Hill, O.P., (Hyde Park: New City Press, 1993), pp. 300-301.
On the Sacrament of the Body and Chalice of the Lord |
Sacramentum corporis et calicis Domini. |
ONE thing is seen, another is to be understood. What you can see on the altar, you also saw last night; but what it was, what it meant, of what great reality it contained the sacrament, you had not yet heard. |
1. Hoc quod videtis in altari Dei, etiam transacta nocte vidistis: sed quid esset, quid sibi vellet, quam magnae rei sacramentum contineret, nondum audistis. |
So what you can see, then, is bread and a cup; | Quod ergo videtis, panis est et calix; |
that’s what even your eyes tell you; |
quod vobis etiam oculi vestri renuntiant: |
but as for what your faith asks to be instructed about, | quod autem fides vestra postulat instruenda, |
the bread is the body
of Christ, |
panis est corpus Christi, calix sanguis Christi. |
It took no time to
say that indeed, and that, perhaps, may be enough for faith; but faith
desires instruction. The prophet says, you see, Unless you believe, you
shall not understand ( |
Breviter quidem hoc dictum est, quod fidei forte sufficiat: sed fides instructionem desiderat. Dicit enim propheta: Nisi credideritis, non intellegetis 1. Potestis enim modo dicere mihi: Praecepisti ut credamus, expone ut intellegamus. |
Some such thought as this, after all, may cross somebody’s mind: “We know where our Lord Jesus Christ took flesh from; from the Virgin Mary. He was suckled as a baby, was reared, grew up, came to man’s estate, suffered persecution from the Jews, was hung on the tree, was slain on the tree, was taken down from the tree, was buried; rose again on the third day, on the day he wished ascended into heaven. |
Potest enim in animo cuiusquam cogitatio talis suboriri: Dominus noster Iesus Christus, novimus unde acceperit carnem; de virgine Maria. Infans lactatus est, nutritus est, crevit, ad iuvenilem aetatem perductus est, a Iudaeis persecutionem passus est, ligno suspensus est, in ligno interfectus est, de ligno depositus est, sepultus est, tertia die resurrexit, quo die voluit, in coelum ascendit; |
That’s where he lifted his body up to; that’s where he’s going to come from to judge the living and the dead; that’s where he is now, seated on the Father’s right. How can bread be his body? And the cup, or what the cup contains, how can it be his blood? |
illuc levavit corpus suum; inde est venturus ut iudicet vivos et mortuos; ibi est modo sedens ad dexteram Patris: quomodo est panis corpus eius? et calix, vel quod habet calix, quomodo est sanguis eius? |
The reason these things, brothers and sisters, are called sacraments | Ista, fratres, ideo dicuntur Sacramenta, |
is that in them one thing is seen, another is to be understood. | quia in eis aliud videtur, aliud intellegitur. |
What can be seen has a bodily appearance, |
Quod videtur, speciem habet corporalem, |
what is to be understood provides spiritual fruit. |
quod intellegitur, fructum habet spiritalem. |
So if
you want to understand the body of Christ, listen to the apostle telling
the faithful, You, though, are the body of Christ and its members
( |
Corpus ergo Christi si vis intellegere, Apostolum audi dicentem fidelibus: Vos autem estis corpus Christi, et membra 2. |
So if it’s you that are the body of Christ and its members, |
Si ergo vos estis corpus Christi et membra, |
[this] mystery [means] |
mysterium |
that you have been placed on the Lord’s table; |
vestrum in mensa Dominica positum est: |
what you receive is the mystery that means you. |
mysterium vestrum accipitis. |
It is to what you are that you reply Amen, and by so replying you express your assent. What you hear, you see, is The body of Christ, and you answer, Amen. So be a member of the body of Christ, in order to make that Amen true. |
Ad id quod estis, Amen respondetis, et respondendo subscribitis. Audis enim, Corpus Christi; et respondes, Amen. Esto membrum corporis Christi, ut verum sit Amen |
So why in bread? |
. Quare ergo in pane? |
Let’s not bring
anything of our own to bear here, let’s go on listening to the apostle
himself, who said, when speaking of this sacrament, One bread, one body,
we being many are ( |
Nihil hic de nostro afferamus, ipsum Apostolum identidem audiamus, qui cum de isto Sacramento loqueretur, ait: Unus panis, unum corpus multi sumus 3: intellegite et gaudete; unitas, veritas, pietas, caritas. Unus panis: quis est iste unus panis? Unum corpus multi. Recolite quia panis non fit de uno grano, sed de multis. Quando exorcizabamini, quasi molebamini. Quando baptizati estis, quasi conspersi estis. Quando Spiritus Sancti ignem accepistis, quasi cocti estis. |
Be what you can
see, |
Estote quod
videtis, |
That’s what the apostle said about the bread. He has already shown clearly enough what we should understand about the cup, even if it wasn’t said. |
Hoc Apostolus de pane dixit. Iam de calice quid intellegeremus, etiam non dictum, satis ostendit. |
After all, just as
many grains are mixed into one loaf in order to produce the visible
appearance of bread, as though what holy scripture says about the
faithful were happening: They had one soul and one heart in God
( |
Sicut enim ut sit species visibilis panis, multa grana in unum consperguntur, tamquam illud fiat, quod de fidelibus ait Scriptura Sancta: Erat illis anima una, et cor unum in Deum 4: sic et de vino. Fratres, recolite unde fit vinum. Grana multa pendent ad botrum, sed liquor granorum in unitate confunditur. |
That too is how the Lord Christ signified us, how he wished us to belong to him, how he consecrated the sacrament of our peace and unity on his table. Any who receive the sacrament of unity, and do not hold the bond of peace, do not receive the sacrament for their benefit, but a testimony against themselves. |
Ita et Dominus Christus nos significavit nos ad se pertinere voluit, mysterium pacis et unitatis nostrae in sua mensa consecravit. Qui accipit mysterium unitatis, et non tenet vinculum pacis, non mysterium accipit pro se, sed testimonium contra se. |
Turning to the Lord, God the Father almighty, with pure hearts let us give him sincere and abundant thanks, as much as we can in our littleness; beseeching him in his singular kindness with our whole soul, graciously to hearken to our prayers in his good pleasure; also by his power to drive out the enemy from our actions and thoughts, to increase our faith, to guide our minds, to grant us spiritual thoughts, and to lead us finally to his bliss; through Jesus Christ his Son. Amen. |
Conversi ad Dominum Deum Patrem omnipotentem, puro corde ei, quantum potest parvitas nostra, maximas atque veras gratias agamus; precantes toto animo singularem mansuetudinem eius, ut preces nostras in beneplacito suo exaudire dignetur; inimicum quoque a nostris actibus et cogitationibus sua virtute expellat, nobis multiplicet fidem, mentem gubernet, spiritales cogitationes concedat, et ad beatitudinem suam perducat: per Iesum Christum Filium eius. Amen. |
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1 - Is 7, 9 (sec. LXX). 2 - 1 Cor 12, 27. 3 - 1 Cor 10, 17. 4 - Act 4, 32. |
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