THE APOSTOLIC TRADITION
of
HIPPOLYTUS of ROME
(ca. 215 ad)

 

3rd cent. Statue of Hippolytus,
Lateran Museum, Rome


Early Sources of the Liturgy, ed. L. Deiss, tr. B. Weatherhead, (Collegeville: Liturgical Press, 1975; orig. pub. 1963).  Puglisi, James F., Epistemological Principles and Roman Catholic Rites, vol. I, The Process of Admission to Ordained Ministry (Collegeville, 1996). Traditio apostolica, ed. B. Botte, Hippolyte de Rome. La tradition apostolique d'après les anciennes versions, 2nd  edn. [Sources chrétiennes  bis. Paris: Cerf, 1968. TLG 2115.55  ]: 42-46, 66, 96, 112. Oratio consecrationis episcopi: pp. 42-46. De lectore: p. 66


CONTENTS

1. Episcopal election and Ordination ; 2. Episcopal Function ; 3. Eucharistic Concelebration ; 4. Blessings of Food ; 5. Presbyteral Ordination ; 6. Diaconal Ordination ; 7. Clerical Distinctions ; 8. Diaconal Function ; 9. Confessors, Widows, Lectors  [Oxf.Dict.C.C.]

 

 

 

 


FIRST PART:
THE LITURGY of HOLY ORDERS
 

 

 

 

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Episcopal Election and Ordination
 

 

 

          [Deiss, 2-3]   The Bishop          

2. De episcopis

        Let him be ordained bishop who has been chosen by all the people. When he has been appointed and approved by all, let the people come together with the college of presbyters and bishops who are present, on the Lord’s Day.  On the consent of all, let these latter lay their hands on him. The presbyters attend in silence.

[L] Episcopus ordinetur elec­tus ab omni populo, qui­que cum nominatus fuerit et placuerit omnibus, conueniet populum` una cum praesbyterio et his qui praesentes fuerint episcopi, die dominica. Consentientibus omnibus, inponant super eum manus, et praesbyterium ad­stet quiescens.

[S(AE)] Ordinabitur  (χειροτονεῖν) episcopus secundum quod dictum est, electus ab omni populo, irreprehensibilis. Qui cum nominatus erit et placuerit eis, popu­lus omnis conveniet et presbyteri et diaconi, die dominica (κυριακή), episco­pis omnibus consentienti­bus (συνευδοκεῖν) qui impo­suerunt manus super eum. Presbyteri stabunt

        Let all be quiet and pray in their hearts that the Holy Spirit may come down.

     Let one of the bishops present, at the demand of all, lay his hands on him who is to receive episcopal ordination and pray in these terms: 

Omnes autem silentium habeant, orantes in corde propter discensionem sp(i­ritu)s. Ex quibus unus de praesentibus episcopis, ab omnibus rogatus, inpo­nens manum ei qui ordi­atur episcopus, oret ita dicens

[S(AE)] et illi omnes silebunt, et orabunt in corde suo ut descendat spiritus sanc­tus super eum. Rogabitur (a)ciou=n) unus ex episcopis stantibus ab omnibus, ut imponat manus suas super eum qui fiet episcopus et oret super eum.

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Episcopal FUNCTIONS
 

 

 

[prayer of episcopal consecration]

3 (Oratio consecrationis episcopi)

 

        God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, Father of mercy and all consolation, l thou who dwellest in the highest of the heavens and dost lower thy regard to him who is humble,  who knowest all things before they exist; who hast fixed the bounds of thy Church by the word of thy grace; who hast predestined from the beginning the race of the just of Abraham;

D(eu)s et pater d(omi)ni nostri Ie(s)u Chr(ist)i, pa­ter misericordiarum et d(eu)s totius consolationis, qui in excelsis habitas et humilia respices, qui cognoscis omnia antequam nascantur, to qui dedisti terminos in eccle­sia per uerbum gratiae tuae, praedestinans ex principio genus iustorum Abraham,

2 Ὁ θεὸς καὶ πατὴρ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ  Χριστοῦ, ὁ πατὴρ τῶν οἰκτιρμῶν καὶ θεὸς πάσης παρακλήσεως, ὁ ἐν ὑψηλοῖς κατοικῶν καὶ τὰ ταπεινὰ ἐφορῶν, ὁ γινώσκων τὰ πάντα πρὶν γενέσεως αὐτῶν, σὺ ὁ δοὺς ὅρους ἐκκλησίας διὰ λόγου χάριτός σου, ὁ προορίσας τε ἀπ' ἀρχῆς γένος δίκαιον ἐξ Ἀβραάμ,

who hast established leaders and priests, who hast not left thy sanctuary without worship; who hast set thy pleasure, since the foundation of the world, in being glorified by those whom thou hast chosen:

principes et sa­cerdotes constituens, et s(an)c(tu)m tuum sine ministerio non derelin­quens, ex initio saeculi bene tibi placuit in his quos elegisti dari :

ἄρχοντάς τε καὶ ἱερεῖς καταστήσας, 44 τό τε ἁγίασμά σου μὴ καταλιπὼν ἀλειτούργητον, ὁ ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου εὐδοκήσας ἐν οἷς ᾑρετίσω δοξασθῆναι·

        Pour out now the power which has its origin in thee, the sovereign Spirit  whom thou hast given to thy beloved Child Jesus Christ  and that he has handed on to the apostles who built the Church in place of thy sanctuary  for the glory and unceasing praise of thy name.

nunc effunde eam uirtutem, quae a to est, principa­lis sp(iritu)s, quem dedisti dilecto filio tuo Ie(s)u Chr(ist)o, quod donauit sanctis apostolis, qui constituerunt ecclesiam per singula loca sanctificationem tuam, in gloriam et laudem indeficientem nomini tuo.

καὶ νῦν ἐπίχεε τὴν παρά σου δύναμιν τοῦ ἡγεμονικοῦ πνεύματος, ὅπερ διὰ τοῦ ἠγαπημένου σου παιδὸς Ἰησοῦ  Χριστοῦ δεδώρησαι τοῖς ἁγίοις σου ἀποστόλοις, οἳ καθίδρυσαν τὴν ἐκκλησίαν κατὰ τόπον ἁγιάσματός σου εἰς δόξαν καὶ αἰνὸν ἀδιάλειπτον τοῦ ὀνόματός σου.

        Grant, O Father who readest the heart, that thy servant whom thou has chosen as bishop may feed thy holy flock, may exercise thy sovereign {=high} priesthood without reproach serving thee day and night.

Da, cordis cognitor pater, super hunc seruum tuum, quem elegisti ad episco­patu(m), pascere gregem sanctam tuam, et primatum sacerdotii tibi exhi­bere sine repraehensione, seruientem noctu et die,

Καρδιογνῶστα πάντων δὸς ἐπὶ τὸν δοῦλόν σου τοῦτον ὃν ἐξελέξω εἰς ἐπισκοπὴν <ποίμαινεν τὴν ποίμνην> σου τὴν ἁγίαν, καὶ ἀρχιερατεύειν σοι ἀμέμπτως, λειτουργοῦντα νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας,

        May he never cease to render thy regard favourable, and offer to thee the gifts of thy holy Church. In virtue of the Spirit of the supreme {=high} priesthood, may he have the power to forgive sins according to thy commandment.

in­cessanter repropitiari uul­tum tuum et offerre dona sanctae) ecclesiae tuae, sp(irit)u[m] primatus sacerdotii habere potestatem dimittere peccata secundum mandatum tuum,

ἀδιαλείπτως τε ἱλάσκεσθαι τῷ προσώπῳ σου καὶ προσφέρειν σοι τὰ δῶρα τῆς ἁγίας σου ἐκκλησίας, καὶ τῷ πνεύματι τῷ ἀρχιερατικῷ ἔχειν ἐξουσίαν ἀφιέναι ἁμαρτίας κατὰ τὴν ἐντολήν σου,  

        May he distribute the shares following thine order; may he loose every bond in virtue of the power that thou hast conferred on the apostles.  May he be pleasing to thee for gentleness and purity of heart. May he be before thee a sweet savour through thy Child Jesus Christ, our Lord.

dare sortes secundum praeceptu(m) tuum, soluere etiam omnem collegationem secundum potestatem quam dedisti apostolis, placere autem tibi in mansuetudine et mundo corde, offerentem tibi odorem suauitatis, per puerum tuum Ie(su)m Chr(istu)m,

46 διδόναι κλήρους κατὰ τὸ πρόσταγμά σου, λύειν τε πάντα σύνδεσμον κατὰ τὴν ἐξουσίαν ἣν ἔδωκας τοῖς ἀποστόλοις, εὐαρεστεῖν τέ σοι ἐν πραότητι καὶ καθαρᾷ καρδίᾳ, προσφέροντά σοι ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας διὰ τοῦ παιδός σου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν,

        Through him, glory to thee, power and honour, Father and Son, with the Holy Spirit, in thy holy Church,  now and always and for ever and ever! Amen.

per quem tibi gloria et potentia et honor, patri et filio cum sp(irit)u s(an)c(to) et nunc et in saecula saeculorum. Amen.

μεθ' οὗ σοι δόξα, κράτος, τιμή, σὺν ἁγίῳ πνεύματι, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.   

[D.3] [The Anaphora]

4. (De oblatione)

 

Acclamation

 

 

When he has been made a bishop, let all give him the kiss of peace and acclaim him with the words: “He has become worthy”.

Qui cumque factus fuerit episcopus, omnes os offe­rant pacis, salutantes eum quia dignus effectus est.

.

[S(AE)] Cum factus erit episcopus, omnes dent pacem (εἰρήνη) ei in ore eorum, salu­tantes (ἀσπάζεσθαι) eum.

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EUCHARISTIC Concelebration
 

 

 

Let the deacons present the offering to him. When he lays his hands on it, with the whole college of presbyters, let him say the words of thanksgiving:

Illi uero offerant diacones oblationes, quique inpo­nens manus in earn cum omni praesbyterio dicat gratia[n]s agens:

Diaconi autem inferant oblationem (/προσφορά) ad eum. Ille autem imponens manum suam super oblationem (προσφορά) cum praesbyteris dicat gratias agens (εὐχαριστεῖν)

The Lord be with you [all].

[and all say:] And with thy spirit. 

Let us lift up our hearts.

They are turned to the Lord. 

Let us give thanks to the Lord. 

It is worthy and just.

[l] D(omi)­n(u)s uobiscum

Et omnes dicant Et cum sp(irit)u tuo.

Su(r)sum corda.

Habemus ad dom(inum).

Gratias agamus d(omi)no.

Dignum et iustum est.

Ο κύριος μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν.

[S(AE)] Et populus omnis dicit Μετὰ τοῦ πνεύματός σου.

Dicit:  Ἄνω ὑμῶν τὰς καρδίας.

Et populus dicit:  Εὔχωμεν (sic) πρὸς τὸν κύριον..

Dicit Εὔχαριστήσωμεν τὸν κύριον.

Et populus omnis dicit: Ἄξιον καὶ δίκαιον.

Thanksgiving

 

 

Let him continue thus:

Et sic cam prosequatur

Et oret cam hoc modo et dicat sequentia secundum ordinem oblationis (προσφορά/) sanctae.

        We give thee thanks, O God, through thy beloved Child, Jesus Christ, whom thou hast sent to us in the last times  as Saviour, Redeemer and Messenger of thy will. He is thine inseparable Word through whom thou hast created all things and in whom thou art well pleased.

Gratias tibi referimus d(eu)s, per dilectum pue­rum tuum le(su)m Chr(is­tu)m, quern in ultimis temporibus misisti nobis saluatorem et redempto­rem et angelum uoluntatis tuae, qui est uerbum tuum inseparabile[m], per quem omnia fecisti et bene­placitum tibi fuit,

[E] Gratias tibi referimus deus, per dilectum cilium tuum lesum Christum, quern in ultimis tempori­bus misisti nobis salvato­rem et redemptorem et angelum voluntatis tuae, qui est verbum quod a to (non separatur), per quem omnia fecisti, volens,

        Thou didst send him from heaven into the womb of a Virgin. He was conceived and became incarnate, he manifested himself as thy Son, born of the Spirit and the Virgin.

misisti de caelo in matricem uir­ginis, quiq(ue) in utero habitus incar­natus est et filius tibi os­tensus est, ex sp(irit)u s(an)c(t)o et uirgine natus.

et misisti de caelo in matri­cem virginis, qui[E] caro factus est et portatus in ventre et filius tuus ostensus est ex spiritu sancto.

He accomplished thy will and, to acquire a holy people for thee, he stretched out his hands while he suffered to deliver from suffering those who believe in thee.

Qui uoluntatem tuam con­plens et populum sanc­tum tibi adquirens exten­dis" manus cum pateretur, ut a passione liberaret eos qui in to crediderunt.

Ut compleret tuam volun­tatem et populum tibi faceret, extendit manus suas cum pateretur, ut patientes liberaret qui in to speraverunt.

Account of the Institution

 

 

        When he gave himself up willingly to suffering to destroy death, to break the fetters of the devil, to trample hell under his feet, to spread his light abroad over the just, to establish the Covenant and manifest his Resurrection, he took bread, he gave thee thanks and said:

Qui cumque traderetur uoluntariae passioni, ut mortem soluat et uincula diabuli dirumpat, et infer­num calcet et iustos inlu­minet, et terminum figat et resurrectionem mani­festet, accipiens panem gratias tibi agens dixit

Qui traditus est in sua vo­luntate passioni, ut mor­tem solveret et vincula diaboli dirumperet, et calcaret infernum et sanc­tos dirigeret, et terminum figeret et resurrectionem manifestaret, accipiens ergo panem gratias egit et dixit :

“Take, eat, this is my body which is broken for you.”

Accipite, manducate, hoc est corpus meum quod pro uobis confringetur.

Accipite, man­ducate, hoc est corpus meum quod pro vobis confringetur.

Likewise for the chalice, he said:

Similiter et calicem di­cens :

[E] Similiter et calicem dicens :

 “This is my blood which is poured out for you. When you do this, do (it) in memory of me.”

Hic est sanguis meus qui pro uobis effun­ditur. Quando hoc facitis, meam commemorationem facitis.

Hic est sanguis meus qui pro vobis effun­detur. Quando hoc facietis, (in) meam commemorationem facietis

Anamnesis

 

 

   We then, remembering thy death and thy Resurrection, offer thee bread and wine, we give thee thanks for having judged us worthy to stand before thee and serve thee.

Memores igitur mortis et resurrectionis eius, of£e­rimus tibi panem et cali­cem, gratias tibi agentes quia nos dignos habuisti adstare coram to et tibi ministrare.

Memores igitur mortis et resurrectionis eius, offe­rimus tibi hunc panem et calicem, gratias agentes tibi quia nos dignos habuisti adstare coram to et tibi sacerdotium exhibere.

Epiclesis

 

 

   And we beg thee to send thy Holy Spirit upon the offering of thy holy Church, to gather and unite all those who receive it. May they be filled with the Holy Spirit who strengthens their faith in the truth. So may we be able to praise and glorify thee through thy Child Jesus Christ.

Et petimus ut mittas sp(i­ritu)m tuum s(an)c(tu)m in oblationem sanctae ecclesiae : in unum con­gregans des omnibus qui percipiunt sanctis in reple­tionem sp(iritu)s s(an)c(t)i ad confirmationem fidei in ueritate, ut to laudemus et glorificemus per pue­rum tuum Ie(su)m Chr(is­tu)m,

Et petimus ut mittas spi­ritum tuum sanctum in­oblationem sanctae eccle­siae : coniungens da omni­bus qui percipiunt sanc­titatem in repletionem spiritus sancti ad confir­mationem fidei in veri­tate, ut to glorificent et laudent per filium tuum Iesum Christum,.

Doxology

 

 

   Through him, glory to thee, and honour, to the Father and to the Son, with the Holy Spirit, in thy holy Church, now and for ever. Amen.

per quem tibi gloria et honor patri et filio cum s(an)c(t)o sp(irit)u in sancta ecclesia tua et nunc et in saecula saecu­lorum. Amen.

per quem tibi gloria et honor in sancta ecclesia nunc et semper et in saecula sae­culorum.Amen

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Blessing of OFFERINGS (-» stipend)
 

 

 

[Blessing of the Offerings  of the Faithful]

[L.6]. Blessing of oil

5. (De oblatione olei)

 

        If a man offers oil, let him give thanks as for bread, not. in the same terms but in the same sense. Let him say:

Si quis oleum offert, secundum panis oblationem et uini, et non ad sermonem dicat sed simili uirtute, gratias referat dicens

[E]Oleum offert secundum oblationem panis et vini, sic gratias agens secundum hunt ordinem. Si eodem sermone non dicit, propria virtute gratias agat et alio sermone dicens

        O God, in making this oil holy thou givest holiness to those who use it and who receive it. Through it thou didst confer anointing on kings, priests and prophets. Let it procure likewise consolation for those who taste it and health for those who make use of it.

Ut oleum hoc sanctificans das, d(eu)s, sanitatem  utentibus et percipieniibus, unde unexisti reges, sacerdotes et profetas, sic et omnibus gustantib(us) confortationem et sanitatem utentibus illud prae­eat.

Ut oleum hoc sanctificans das eis qui unguntur et percipiunt, in quo unxisti sacerdotes et prophetas, sic illos et omnes qui gustant conforta, et sanc­tifica eos qui percipiunt.

Blessing of cheese and olives

6. (De oblatione casei et olivarum)

 

        Likewise, if a man offers cheese and olives, let him pray thus:

Similiter, si quis caseum et oliuas offeret, ita dicat

 

        Make this curdled milk holy by uniting us to thy charity. Let this fruit of the olive never lose its sweetness. It is the symbol of the abundance which thou hast made to flow from the tree (of the Cross) for all those who hope in thee.

Sanctifica lac hoc quod quoagulatum est, et nos conqua­glans tuae caritati. Fac a tua dulcitudine non recedere fructum etiam hunt oliuae qui est exemplum) tuae pinguidinis, quam de ligno fluisti in uitam eis qui sperant in te.

 

Blessing for other offerings

 

 

        In any blessing, say:

In omni uero benedictione dicatur

 

        Glory to thee, Father and Son, with the Holy Spirit, in the holy Church, now and always and for ever and ever. Amen.

Tibi gloria, patri et filio cum s(an)c(t)o sp(irit)u in sancta ecclesia et nunc et semper et in omnia saecula saeculo­ru(m). <Amen>.

 

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Presbyteral  Ordination
 

 

 

8. [Prayer For The Ordination]
of Presbyters

7. De presbyteris

 

   When the bishop ordains a presbyter, let him lay his hand on the head of the ordinand, while the other presbyters, too, touch him.  Let him pronounce prayers like those which have been set down above, as for a bishop.

Cum autem praesbyter or­dinatur, inponat manum super caput eius episcopus, contingentib(us) etiam praesbyteris, et di­cat secundum ea q(uae) praedicta sunt, sicut praediximus super episcopum,

[S(AE)] Cum autem episcopus presbyterum ordinat (χειροτονεῖν), imponet manum suam super caput eius, presbyteris omnibus tan­gentibus eum, et oret super eum secundum mo­dum quem praediximus super episcopum.

Let him make the following prayer:

orans et dicens

 

   God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, cast thine eyes upon thy servant who is here. Grant to him the Spirit of grace and counsel, so that he may help the (other) presbyters and govern thy people with a pure heart.

D(eus) et pater d(omi)ni nostri le(s)u Chr(ist)i, respice super seruum tuum istum et inpartire sp(iri­tu)m gratiae et consilii praesbyteris ut adiubet' et gubernet plebem tuam in corde mundo,

[E] Deus meus, pater domini nostri et salvatoris nostri lesu Christi, respice super hunc servum tuum et impertire ei spiritum gra­tiae et consilium praes­byterii ut sustineat et gubernet plebem tuam in corde mundo,.

It was thus that thou didst cast thine eyes on the people whom thou didst choose, and that thou didst command Moses to choose presbyters (i.e.: “elders”):  thou didst fill them with thy Spirit which thou didst give to thy servant..

sicuti respexisti super populum electionis tuae et praece­pisti Moysi ut elegeret praesbyteros quos replesti de sp(irit)u tuo quod to donasti famulo tuo.

sicut res­pexisti super populum electum et praecepisti Moysi ut eligeret praes­byteros quos replevisti de spiritu quem donasti famulo tuo et servo tuo Moysi

   And now, Lord, grant us always to preserve in ourselves the Spirit of thy grace. Make us worthy to serve thee with faith, in simplicity of heart

Et nunc, d(omi)ne, praesta indeficienter conseruari in nobis sp(iritu)m gratiae tuae et dignos eflice ut credentes tibi ministremus in simplicitate cordis,

[E] Et nunc, domine, praesta huic famulo tuo (illum) qui non deficit, dum servas no­bis, spiritum gratiae tuae et tribue nobis, implens nos, ministrare tibi in corde in simplicitate,

   We praise thee through thy Child, Christ Jesus. Through him, glory to thee and power, Father and Son, with the Holy Spirit, in the holy Church, now and for ever and ever. Amen.

lau­dantes to per puerum tuu(m) Chr(istu)m Ie(su)m per quem tibi gloria et uirtus, patri et filio cum sp(irit)u s(an)c(t)o in sancta ecclesia et nunc et in saecula saeculorum. Amen.

glo­rificantes et laudantes to per filium tuum Iesum Christum, per quem tibi gloria et virtus patri et filio et spiritu sancto in tua sancta ecclesia in sae­cula saeculorum. Amen.

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Diaconal  Ordination
 

 

 

9. [Prayer For The Ordination]
of Deacons

8. De diaconis

 

   [Pugl 47] When a deacon is to be ordained he is chosen after the fashion of those things said above, the bishop alone in like manner imposing his hands upon him as we have prescribed.

Diaconus uero cum ordinatur, eligatur secundum ea quae praedicta sunt, similiter inponens manus episcopus solus sicuti praecipimus.

[S(AE)] Episcopus autem instituet (καθίsτασθαι) diaconum qui electus est, secundum quod praedictum est. Episcopus ponet manus suas super eum.

[Pugl 40] In the ordaining of a deacon this is the reason why the bishop alone is to impose hands upon him: he is not ordained to the priesthood, but to serve the bishop and fulfill the bishop’s comand.

In diacono ordi­nando solus episcopus in­ponat manus, propterea quia non in sacerdotio ordinatur, sed in ministerio episcopi, ut faciat ea quae ab ipso iubentur.

Propter quid diximus quod solus episcopus ponet manus suas super eum ? Haec est causa (αἰτία) rei : quia non ordinatur (χειροτονεῖν) in sacerdotium sed in ministerium (ὑπηρεσία) episcopi, ut faciat quae iubet ei.

He has no part in the council of the clergy, but is to attend to his own duties and is to acquaint the bishop with such matters as are needful.  He does not receive the Spirit which the presbytery possesses and in which the presbyters share.  He receives only what is entrusted to him under the authority of the bishop. 

Non est enim particeps consilii in clero, sed curas agens et indicans episcopo quae oportet, non acci­piens communem praes­byteri(i) sp(iritu)m eum cuius participes praesbyteri sunt, sed id quod sub potestate episcopi est creditum.

[S(AE)] Neque instituitur (καθίsτασθαι) ut sit consiliarius (σύμβουλος) totius cleri (κλῆρος) sed ut curas agat infirmorum et moneat episcopum de eis. Neque instituitur (καθίsτασθαι) ut accipiat spiritum (πνεῦμα) magnitudinis cuius presbyteri participantur (μετέχειν) sed ut sit dignus (ἄξιος) ut episcopus credat (πιστυεῖν) ei quae oportet.

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Clerical Distinctions
 

 

 

        For this reason the bishop alone shall ordain a deacon.  On a presbyter, however, let the presbyters impose their hands because of the common and like Spirit of the clergy. Even so, the presbyter has only the power to receive, and has not the power to give. 

Qua de re episcopus solus diaconum faciat ; super praesbyte­rum autem etiam praesbyteri superinponant ma­nus propter communem et similem cleri sp(iritu)m. Praesbyter enim huius solius habet potestatem ut accipiat, dare autem non habet potestatem.

Proptera episcopus solus est qui ordinat (χειροτονεῖν) diaconum. Quoad presbyterum autem, quia episcopus <et omnes presbyteri> participantur (μετέχειν) eius, imponant ma­num super cum, quia spiritus unus est qui descendit super eum. Presbyter enim accipit solum ; non est ei potestas (ἐξουσία) dare clerum (κλῆρος).

That is why a presbyter does not ordain the clergy; for at the ordaining of a presbyter he but seals while the bishop ordains.

Quapropter clerum non ordinat; super praesby­teri uero ordinatione con­signat episcopo ordinante.

Quapropter non potest instituere (καθίsτασθαι) clericos (κληρικός). Signat (σφραγίζειν) autem presbyterum tantum cum episcopus ordinat (χειροτονεῖν).

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Diaconal Function
 

 

 

Let him say the following prayer over the deacon:

Super diaconum autem ita dicat

Oratio ordinationis dia­coni.

   O God who didst create the universe and didst order it by thy Word, O Father of our Lord Jesus Christ whom thou didst send to carry out thy will and to manifest thy designs to us: Grant the Spirit of grace, of zeal and of diligence to thy servant who is here.

: D(eu)s, qui omnia creasti et uerbo perordinasti, pater d(omi)­ ni nostri Ie(s)u Chr(ist)i, quem misisti ministrare tuam uoluntatem et ma­ nifestare nobis tuum desiderium, da sp(iritu)m s(an)c(tu)m gratiae et sol­ licitudinis et industriae in hunc seruum tuum,

Deus, qui omnia creasti et verbo tuo ornasti, pater domini nostri Iesu Christi, quem misisti ministrare in tua voluntate et manifestare nobis consilium tuum, da spiritum gratiae tuae et sollicitudinis in hunc servum tuum,

   Thou hast chosen him for the service of thy Church and to bring into the Holy of Holies the offering presented by the high priests that thou hast established for the glory of thy name. Let him serve thee in this order, without reproach and with purity.

quem elegisti ministrare ecclesiae tuae et offerre...  [T] in sanctitate ad sanctuarium tuum quae offe­runtur ab herede summi sacerdotii, ut, sine reprehensione et pure et munde et in mente pura ministrans, dignus sit gradu hoc magno et excelso per voluntatem tuam.

quem elegisti ut diaconus sit in tua ecclesia et offerat in sancto sanctorum tuo quod tibi offertur a constitute principe sacerdotum tuo ad gloriam nominis tui, ut sine reprehensione et puro more ministrans,

   Let him be found worthy, according to thy good pleasure, to rise to a higher degree. Let him praise thee through thy Son Jesus Christ, our Lord. Through him, glory to thee, power and honour, with the Holy Spirit, now, always and for ever. Amen.

 

gradum maioris ordinis assequatur, et laudet to et glorificet to per filium tuum lesum Christum dominum nostrum, per quem tibi gloria et potentia et laus, cum spiritu sancto, nine et semper et in saecula saeculorum. Amen.

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 Confessors, Widows, Lectors
(Virgins, Subdeacons, Healers)
 

 

 

   

Confessors

9. De confessoribus

   

   [Puglisi] If a confessor has been in chains in the name of the Lord, hands are not imposed on him for the diaconate or presbyterate, for he has the honor of the presbyterate by the fact of his confession.  But if he is to be ordained a bishop (instituitur/kathistasthai), hands are to be imposed on him (imponetur ei manus).

[S(AE)]Confessor (ὁμολογητής) autem, si fuit in vinculis propter nomen domini, non imponetur manus super eum ad diaconatum (διακονία) vel presbyteratum (πρεσβύτερος). Habet enim honorem (τιμή/) presbyteratus (πρεσβύτερος) per suam confessionem (ὁμολογία). Si autem instituitur (καθίsτασθαι) episcopus, imponetur ei manus.

   If, however, he is a confessor who was not summoned before the authorities and was not punished in chains and was not imprisoned nor condemned to other punishment, but was offered private and passing indignity for the name of the Lord, even though he confessed, hands are to be imposed upon him (imponatur manus super eum) for every office of which he is worthy.

Si autem confessor (ὁμολογητής) est qui non est ductus coram potestate (ἐξουσία) neque castigatus est (κολάζειν) in catenis, neque inclusus est in carcere, neque damnatus est (κατακρίνειν) alia poena (καταδίκη), sed per occasionem despectus est tantum propter nomen domini nostri et castigatus est (κολάζειν) castigatione (κόλασις) domestica, si autem confessus est (ὁμολογεῖν), quocumque officio (κλῆρος) sit dignus, imponatur manus super eum.

   

[Deiss10] [The Forms of Liturgical Prayer]

 

   

   Let the bishop give thanks in the manner described above. It is not, however, necessary for him to use the form of words set out there, as though he had to make the effort to say them by heart in his thanksgiving to God.

Episcopus autem gratias agat (εὐχαριστεῖν) secundurn quod praediximus. Nullo modo (οὐ πάντως) necessarium est. (ἀναγκή) ut proferat eadem verba quae praediximus, quasi (ὡς) studens (μελετᾶν) ex memoria (ἀπόστηθος), gratias agens (εὐχαριστεῖν) deo ;

Let each pray according to his abilities. If a man can make a becoming and worthy prayer, it is well.

sed secundum suam potestatem unusquisque oret. Si quidem aliquis habet potestatem orandi cum sufficientia (‑ἱκανός) et oratione (προσευχή) solemni, bonum est (ἀγαθόν).

But if he prays in a different way, and yet with moderation, you must not prevent him, provided that the prayer is correct and conforms to orthodoxy.

Si  autem aliquis, dum orat, profert orationem (προσευχή) in mensura, ne impediatis (κωλύειν) eum. Tantum (μόνον) oret quod sanum est in orthodoxia (‑ὀρθόδοξος).
 Widows  

WIDOWS

10. De Viduis

   

   A widow, however, is not ordained when instituted, but is rather chosen by her name.  And if her husband has been dead for a long time she may be instituted.  But if her husband has not been dead for a long time, she is not to be trusted.  And if she is older let her be tested by time.

[S(AE)] Vidua (χήρα) autem cum instituitur (καθίστασθαι) non ordi­natur (χειροτονεῖν) sed eligitur ex nomine. Si autem vir eius mortuus est a tempore magno, instituatur (καθίστασθαι). Si autem non post multum tempus mortuus est vir eius, non confidatur (πιστύειν) ei. Sed si senuit, probetur (δοκιμάζειν) per tempus (χρόνος).

  [...]

Saepe (πολλάκις) enim passiones (πάθος) senescunt cum eo qui ponit locum eis in seipso.  Instituatur (καθίστασθαι) vidua (χρπα) per verbum tantum et se iungat cum reliquo.

   But she is not to receive the laying on of hands, since she does not offer the gifts, nor does she [serve] a liturgical [function].  For ordination is reserved to clerics on account of [their] liturgical [function].  Widows, however, are instituted on account of [their] prayer [...]

Non autem imponetur manus super eam, quia non offert oblationem (προσφορά) neque habet liturgiam (λειτυοργία). Ordinatio (χειροτονία) autem fit cum clero (κλῆρος) propter litur­giam (λειτυοργία). Vidua (χήρα) autem instituitur (καθίστασθαι) propter orationem : haec autem est omnium.

 

     

[D.12]. The Reader

 

11. De lectore

 

 

 

  When someone is ordained reader, let the bishop hand him the book.  Let him not lay his hands on him

Ep.66 Ἀναγνώστης καθίσταται ἐπιδόντος αὐτῷ βιβλίον τοῦ ἐπισκόπου· οὐδὲ γὰρ χειροθετεῖται.    [S(AE)] Lector (ἀναγνώστης) insti­tuetur (καθίστασθαι) cum episcopus dabit ei librum, non autem imponetur ma­nus super eum.

 

   

[D.13]. Virgins

12. De virgine

   

   Concerning virgins: A virgin does not receive the laying on of hands; it is her choice alone that makes her a virgin.

Non imponetur manus super virginem (παρθένος), sed propositum (προαίρεσις) tantum facit eam virginem (παρθένος).
   

[D.14]. Subdeacons

13. De subdiacono

   

   As for subdeacons: subdeacons do not receive the laying on of hands: but they are appointed to serve the deacons

Non imponetur manus super subdiaconum, sed nomi­nabitur (ὀνομάζειν) ut sequatur diaconum.
   

The Gift of Healing

14. De gratiis curationum

   

   If anyone says, “I have received the gift of healing through a revelation”, do not lay hands on him.  The facts themselves will manifest the truth of his statement.

Si quis autem dicit : accepi gratiam curationis in revela­tione (ἀποκάλυψις), non imponetur manus super eum. Ipsa enim res manifestabit an dixerit veritatem.

 


From the Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, by E. Livingstone

Hippolytus, St (c.170–c.236), ecclesiastical writer and Doctor. Though the most important 3rd-cent. theologian of the Roman Church, the facts of his life as well as his writings were soon forgotten in the W., perhaps by reason of his schismatic activities and of the fact that he wrote in Greek. Of his early life nothing is known. The assertion of Photius that he was a disciple of St Irenaeus is doubtful. During the first decades of the 3rd cent. he must have been an important personality among the Roman presbyters; when Origen came to Rome (c.212) he attended one of his sermons. Soon afterwards Hippolytus took an active part in attacking the doctrines of Sabellius. He refused to accept the teaching of Pope Zephyrinus (198–217), and under his successor, Callistus (217–22), whom he rejected as a heretic, he seems to have allowed himself to be elected as a rival Bp. of Rome. He continued to attack Callistus’ successors, Urban (222–30) and Pontianus (230–5). In the persecution of the Emp. Maximin (235–8), however, he and Pontianus were exiled together to Sardinia, and it is very probable that before his death he was reconciled to the other party at Rome; for under Pope Fabian (236–50) his body with that of Pontianus was brought to Rome (236). The Liberian Catalogue (q.v., in the part dated c.255) already considers him a Catholic martyr and gives him the rank of a priest, not of a bishop. When these facts had been forgotten in Rome, many legends grew up round his person. Pope Damasus (366–84) makes him a priest of the Novatianist Schism, a view later accepted by Prudentius in his ‘Passion of St Hippolytus’. In the Roman Passionals of the 7th and 8th cents. he is represented as a soldier converted by St Laurence, a legend which long survived in the Roman Breviary. He also has been confused with a martyr of the same name who was buried at Portus, of which city he was believed to have been a bishop. Feast day in the E. 30 Jan.; in the W. 13 Aug.

A list of several of Hippolytus’ writings as well as his Easter tables were discovered on a statue, long thought to portray him, but now recognized as originally a female figure, perhaps personifying one of the sciences; it was found in Rome and heavily restored in 1551; it is now kept in the Vatican Library. Many other works are listed by Eusebius of Caesarea and St Jerome. Hippolytus’ principal work is his ‘Refutation of all Heresies’ (not listed on the statue). Books 4–10 of this were found in a MS on Mount Athos and published (together with the already known Book 1) under the title ‘Philosophumena’ in 1851 at Oxford by E. Miller, who attributed it to Origin; but J. J. I. von Döllinger argued that its author was Hippolytus. Books 2–3 are lost. Its main aim is to show that the philosophical systems and mystery religions described in Books 1–4 are responsible for the heresies dealt with in the later Books. In the summary of ‘true doctrine’ at the end of the work, Hippolytus expresses his own trinitarian theology in a form of Logos doctrine calculated to answer the charge of ditheism which Callistus had levelled against him. For this purpose he follows the Greek Apologists, distinguishing between two states of the Word, the one immanent and eternal, the other external and temporal as the Father’s voice. Containing in Himself all the Father’s ideas, the Word is able to actualize them as the Father’s creative agent. The absence of any explicit reference to the Holy Spirit in this system lends colour to Callistus’ accusation; nevertheless Hippolytus frequently refers to the Holy Spirit at other points in the work. The ‘Refutation’ illustrates another important divergence between his teaching and that of the Roman bishops, namely his strenuous opposition to the mitigation of the penitential system necessitated by the influx of pagan converts in large numbers.

The other writings usually attributed to Hippolytus are: commentaries on Daniel and the Song of Songs as well as various other exegetical works, some of which survive only in translations or in fragments; a discourse against the followers of Noetus; a historical work entitled the Chronicon; a treatise on the nature of the universe directed against Plato, which survives only in fragments; and the Syntagma, an anti-heretical work, of which nothing remains. The statue also attributes to him the important treatise on the ‘Apostolic Tradition’ (q.v.), an attribution very generally accepted. Differences in style and theology, especially between the ‘Refutation’ and the Contra Noetum, led P. Nautin to attribute some of the works to a Hippolytus whom he identified as an E. bishop, and others to a virtually unknown Roman presbyter Josipus. Although the Josipus-theory won little support, Nautin’s view that the works are to be divided between two authors has been more widely accepted. V. Loi ascribed some to Hippolytus of Rome and others to a second Hippolytus whom he believed to have been an E. bishop. Apart from these works, the ‘Little Labyrinth’ (q.v.) has sometimes been attributed to Hippolytus, as has a Paschal Homily, at one time ascribed to St John Chrysostom; this is prob. of a later date.

The first collected edition was that of J. A. Fabricius (2 vols., Hamburg, 1716–18; repr. with additions in J. P. Migne, PG 10. 261–962). Crit. edn. by H. Achelis, G. Bonwetsch, and others in GCS (4 vols., 1897–1955) Separate edns. of Refutatio omnium haeresium by M. Marcovich (Patristische Texte and Studien, 25; 1986 [occasionally conjectural]); comm. on Dan., with Fr. tr., by M. Lefévre and G. Bardy (SC 14; 1947); and Contra Noetum by P. Nautin (Paris, 1949); also, with Eng. tr., by R. Butterworth, SJ (Heythrop Monographs, 2; London, 1977). Paschal Homily ed., with Fr. tr., by P. Nautin, PSS, Homélies Pascales, 1 (SC 27; 1950); improved edn., with comm., by G. Visonà (Studia Patristica Mediolanensia, 15; Milan, 1988). Eng. tr. of many of his writings in ANCL (vols. 6 and 9, pt. 2); of the Refutation of all Heresies by F. Legge (2 vols., 1921). For edns. of the ‘Apostolic Tradition’, see bibl. s.v. J. J. I. von Döllinger, Hippolytus und Kallistus (1853; Eng. tr., 1876); G. Ficker, Studien zur Hippolytfrage (1893); H. Achelis, Hippolytstudien (TU 16, Heft 4, 1897; several other items in this series are devoted to Hippolytus); A. d’Alès, La Théologie de Saint Hippolyte (1906); G. Bovini, Sant’Hippolito dottore e martire del III secolo (1943); P. Nautin, Hippolyte et Josipe (1947); A. Hamel, Kirche bei Hippolyt von Rom (Beiträge zur Förderung christlicher Theologie, 2. Reihe, 49; 1951). R. Cantalamessa, OFM Cap., L’omelia ‘In S. Pascha’ dello Pseudo-Ippolito di Roma (Pubblicazioni dell’Universitià Cattolica der Sacro Cuore. Contributi, 3rd set., Scienze Filologiche e Letteratura, 16; 1967), with refs. to earlier works. Ricerche su Ippolito (Studia Ephemeridis ‘Augustinianum’, 13; 1977), esp. M. Guarducci, ‘La statua di “Sant’Ippolito” ’ (pp. 17–30, with ref. to earlier art.), and V. Loi, ‘L’identità letteraria di Ippolito di Roma’ (pp. 67–88). A. Zani, La Cristologia di Ippolito (Pubblicazioni der Pontificio Seminario Lombardo in Roma, Ricerche di Scienze Teologische, 22; Brescia [1984]). J. Frickel, Das Dunkel um Hippolyt von Rom: Ein Lösungsversuch: Die Schriften Elenchos und contra Noëtum (Grazer Theologische Studien, 13; 1988). J. Mansfeld, Heresiology in Context: Hippolytus’ Elenchos as a Source for Greek Philosophy (Philosophia Antiqua, 56; Leiden, 1992). A. Brent, Hippolytus and the Roman Church in the Third Century (Supplements to VC, 31; 1995) J. A. Cerrto, Hippolytus between East and West: The Commentaries and the Provenance of the Corpus (Oxford, 2002). CPG 1 (1983), Pp. 256–78 (nos. 1870–925), and Suppl. (1998), pp. 42–6. M. Richard in Dict. Sp. 7 (pt. 1; 1969), cols. 531–71, s.v. See also bibl. to apostolic tradition, esp. the work of J. M. Hanssens.


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